SEC Scrutinises Coinbase’s User Metrics Amid IPO Disclosures

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is intensifying its investigation into Coinbase Global Inc., focusing on whether the cryptocurrency exchange misrepresented user metrics in its disclosures surrounding its 2021 initial public offering . Central to the inquiry is the “verified users” metric, a figure that has drawn scrutiny for potentially overstating the platform’s active user base.

The SEC’s probe, initiated during the Biden administration and continuing under the current leadership, seeks to determine if Coinbase’s reported user numbers provided a misleading picture to investors. The agency is examining the methodology behind the “verified users” count and its correlation to actual platform engagement and revenue generation.

Coinbase defines “verified users” as individuals or entities that have registered on the platform and confirmed their email address or phone number. However, this metric does not necessarily indicate active trading or revenue-contributing activity. In a 2022 filing, Coinbase acknowledged that the “verified users” figure might overstate the number of unique customers, as individuals could register multiple accounts using different credentials.

Further complicating matters, Coinbase announced in early 2023 that it would cease reporting the “verified users” metric, citing its limited relevance to business performance. The company stated that the metric did not effectively track user activities leading to revenue generation and, therefore, was not indicative of overall performance.

The SEC’s investigation also encompasses a broader examination of Coinbase’s compliance with securities laws. In June 2023, the agency filed a lawsuit alleging that Coinbase operated as an unregistered broker, exchange, and clearing agency. The lawsuit contends that Coinbase facilitated trading of at least 13 crypto assets deemed securities, which should have been registered with the SEC prior to their issuance.

Coinbase has consistently denied these allegations, asserting that it does not list securities and that its operations are compliant with existing regulations. The company has also accused the SEC of failing to provide clear regulatory guidance for the cryptocurrency industry, leading to a lack of clarity and inconsistent enforcement actions.