The European Union has enacted measures to restrict Chinese medical device manufacturers from participating in large-scale public procurement contracts, citing systematic discrimination against European suppliers in China’s domestic market. This decision marks the first use of the EU’s International Procurement Instrument , a mechanism designed to enforce reciprocal access to public tenders.
Under the new directive, Chinese firms are barred from bidding on EU public contracts exceeding €5 million for a duration of five years. The European Commission’s investigation revealed that 87% of Chinese procurement tenders contained explicit or implicit barriers against foreign medical devices. These barriers include complex certification requirements, opaque approval processes, and pricing structures that disadvantage non-domestic suppliers.
The Commission’s findings highlighted China’s “Buy China” policy and the “Made in China 2025” strategy as central to these discriminatory practices. These initiatives aim to increase the share of domestically produced medical devices in Chinese hospitals, with targets set at 70% by 2025. Such policies have led to a significant reduction in the approval of imported medical devices in various provinces, notably in Guangdong, where approved imports dropped from 132 in 2019 to 46 in 2021.
In response, the China Chamber of Commerce to the EU expressed strong concerns, arguing that the EU’s measures could disrupt bilateral trade relations. The Chamber emphasized that European companies have historically enjoyed broad access to China’s medical device market and warned against unilateral actions that might escalate tensions.
The EU’s decision aligns with its broader strategy to reduce dependency on external suppliers for critical goods, a policy often referred to as “de-risking.” This approach seeks to ensure that European industries are not overly reliant on non-EU countries, especially in sectors deemed essential for public health and safety.
Trade Commissioner Maroš Šefčovič is scheduled to meet with Chinese Commerce Minister Wang Wentao in Paris to discuss the implications of the new measures and explore potential resolutions. While the EU maintains that its actions are proportionate and aimed at restoring fair competition, it remains open to dialogue to address the underlying issues.
The implementation of the IPI reflects the EU’s commitment to enforcing fair trade practices and ensuring that European companies have equitable access to global markets. However, the move also underscores the growing complexities in EU-China trade relations, particularly as both parties navigate the challenges of balancing domestic interests with international obligations.
