The measure, effective from 16 May for three months, applies to selected motor vehicles including passenger cars, jeeps, vans, buses, goods transport vehicles, ambulances, electric vehicles and hybrids. Vehicles for which letters of credit were opened on or before 15 May are exempt, limiting the immediate disruption for importers who had already committed payments before the order took effect.
The surcharge is levied on the applicable customs import duty, rather than directly on the total value of a vehicle. For many private vehicles, the customs import duty had stood at 30 per cent, meaning the added surcharge raises that component to 45 per cent. Other taxes and levies, including excise duties, value-added tax and sector-specific charges, mean the final tax burden on imported cars can be far higher than the headline customs duty figure.
Deputy Finance Minister Anil Jayantha Fernando said the step was designed to encourage buyers to delay vehicle imports rather than halt the trade outright. He said the government was responding to a sharp rise in import expenditure and added pressure on foreign reserves. “Given the current pressure on foreign exchange, we want people to delay their imports by three months,” he told reporters in Colombo.
The decision marks a swift policy adjustment by President Anura Kumara Dissanayake’s administration as Sri Lanka attempts to balance consumer demand, revenue needs and currency stability after years of severe economic strain. Vehicle imports were heavily restricted after the island’s 2022 financial collapse, when the country ran short of foreign exchange and struggled to pay for fuel, food and medicines. The gradual reopening of imports was seen as a sign of economic normalisation, but it has also revived concerns about the pressure placed on the balance of payments.
Sri Lanka remains dependent on imported fuel, leaving the economy exposed to swings in global crude prices. Tensions across the Middle East have pushed energy costs higher, forcing authorities to reassess import priorities. Fuel prices have already climbed sharply this year, adding to the cost of transport, electricity generation and logistics. The government is trying to prevent higher oil bills from draining reserves at a time when the country remains under a $2.9 billion International Monetary Fund programme.
The rupee has weakened against the US dollar this year, with official figures showing a fall of about 4.5 per cent since January. Central Bank Governor Nandalal Weerasinghe has warned lawmakers that the currency could remain under pressure unless global oil prices ease or the country reduces energy imports. That warning sharpened the policy case for curbing non-essential import demand, particularly in high-value categories such as vehicles.
Vehicle importers and consumers are likely to face a tougher market over the next quarter. The surcharge may delay purchases, reduce showroom availability and raise prices for buyers who choose to proceed. Importers with confirmed letters of credit before the cut-off date may have a temporary advantage, while new buyers could defer orders until the surcharge expires, provided the government does not extend it.
The policy also carries revenue implications. Vehicle imports are a lucrative source of tax income, and Sri Lanka has relied on trade-related levies to support public finances during its recovery. A surcharge may increase tax collected on each imported vehicle, but lower import volumes could offset that gain if buyers hold back. The government’s calculation appears to prioritise currency defence and reserve management over short-term market expansion.
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