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Ethereum has captured the spotlight in the cryptocurrency market, with its price climbing over 80% from April lows of approximately $1,400 to recent highs nearing $2,800. This rally has been accompanied by a significant uptick in social media sentiment, with Ethereum mentions showing a bullish-to-bearish comment ratio of 3:1, indicating strong retail enthusiasm.

In contrast, Bitcoin’s social sentiment reflects a more tempered optimism, with a 1.3:1 ratio of bullish to bearish comments. This suggests that while Bitcoin maintains its position as a leading cryptocurrency, its current market perception is more closely tied to macroeconomic indicators and traditional financial markets.

The divergence in sentiment between Ethereum and Bitcoin underscores differing investor perspectives. Ethereum’s recent performance has been bolstered by factors such as the activation of the Pectra upgrade on its mainnet, which has renewed retail interest after a period of relative dormancy. Additionally, the surge in Ethereum’s price has led to increased open interest in Ethereum futures, signaling growing market participation and confidence in its upward trajectory.

Bitcoin’s sentiment, while positive, appears to be influenced by broader economic discussions, including Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell’s remarks on U.S. inflation. Investors seem to associate Bitcoin’s performance with the health of the U.S. economy, viewing it as a hedge against inflation and a digital counterpart to gold.

The contrasting sentiments highlight a shift in retail investor behavior, with Ethereum gaining favor due to its recent price performance and network developments. This renewed interest in Ethereum suggests a potential reevaluation of investment strategies among retail traders, who are increasingly considering alternative cryptocurrencies beyond Bitcoin.

Strategy, the enterprise software firm turned cryptocurrency powerhouse, has announced plans to issue 2.5 million shares of its newly minted 10% Series A Perpetual Stride Preferred Stock , aiming to raise $250 million to expand its Bitcoin reserves. The offering, priced at $100 per share, underscores the company’s unwavering commitment to Bitcoin as a central asset in its corporate treasury.

The proceeds from this offering are earmarked for general corporate purposes, prominently including the acquisition of additional Bitcoin and bolstering working capital. This move aligns with Strategy’s aggressive investment approach under the leadership of Chairman Michael Saylor, who has been a vocal proponent of Bitcoin’s potential as a long-term store of value.

The STRD shares are designed to offer non-cumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of 10%, payable quarterly, contingent upon declaration by the company’s board. Notably, if dividends are not declared in a given period, they will not accumulate, and the company is not obligated to compensate for missed payments in the future. This structure provides Strategy with financial flexibility while offering investors a potentially attractive yield.

Strategy’s latest offering follows a series of similar financial maneuvers aimed at increasing its Bitcoin holdings. The company has previously issued other classes of preferred stock, including ‘Strife’ and ‘Strike’, as part of a broader strategy to leverage financial instruments for cryptocurrency acquisition. These initiatives have collectively contributed to Strategy amassing over 580,000 Bitcoins, valued at approximately $40.61 billion, solidifying its position as the largest corporate holder of Bitcoin.

The company’s stock performance has been closely tied to Bitcoin’s price movements, reflecting the market’s perception of Strategy as a proxy for Bitcoin investment. Over the past year, Strategy’s shares have experienced significant volatility, mirroring the fluctuations in the cryptocurrency market. Despite this, the company’s bold investment strategy has garnered attention from both institutional and retail investors seeking exposure to Bitcoin through traditional financial instruments.

While Strategy’s approach has been lauded by some for its innovation and alignment with emerging financial trends, it has also faced scrutiny and legal challenges. The company is currently contesting a class-action lawsuit alleging misleading statements regarding its Bitcoin investment strategy. Nevertheless, analysts from firms such as BTIG and TD Cowen have maintained positive outlooks on Strategy, citing the company’s strategic positioning and potential for long-term growth.

The introduction of the STRD shares represents Strategy’s continued efforts to integrate cryptocurrency into its corporate structure and financial operations. By offering a preferred stock with a substantial dividend yield, the company aims to attract investors interested in both fixed-income returns and exposure to the cryptocurrency market. This move further blurs the lines between traditional finance and digital assets, highlighting the evolving landscape of corporate investment strategies.

Oil prices strengthened sharply as OPEC+ agreed to a modest increase in production, falling short of some market expectations, while escalating geopolitical tensions in Ukraine and Iran added further upward pressure. West Texas Intermediate crude futures climbed 2.8%, settling near $63 per barrel, reflecting a cautious market balancing supply concerns against demand uncertainties.

The Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies approved a production boost of 411,000 barrels per day for July, a figure that surprised some analysts who anticipated a larger output increase. This decision followed extensive negotiations marked by dissent from several members, including Russia, which has historically played a pivotal role in the alliance’s supply management. The group’s choice to limit production growth indicates a strategic effort to maintain price support amid a volatile global economic outlook.

Within the alliance, certain countries advocated for a pause in the output hike, citing lingering uncertainties in global demand recovery and concerns over market oversupply. This internal division has led financial institutions to offer contrasting forecasts on OPEC+ policy direction for the coming months. Some banks now expect additional gradual supply increases to ease pressure on energy markets, while others warn of a more restrained approach to sustain price levels.

Market participants are also closely monitoring the geopolitical landscape, which has become a significant factor influencing oil prices. The conflict in Ukraine continues to disrupt supply chains and has led to concerns over potential shortages in European energy markets. The war has prompted a reconfiguration of energy trade flows, with European countries seeking alternatives to Russian crude and refined products amid sanctions and supply restrictions.

Meanwhile, escalating tensions surrounding Iran’s nuclear programme and regional activities have heightened fears of disruptions in the Middle East, a region critical to global oil supply. The possibility of renewed sanctions or military confrontation has contributed to risk premiums embedded in crude prices. Iranian officials have issued statements warning against external interference, further adding to the geopolitical uncertainties that traders are factoring into their decisions.

The market’s response to these developments reflects a complex interplay between supply management by OPEC+ and external geopolitical risks. While the alliance’s measured increase in output signals a cautious optimism about demand recovery, the persistent threats to supply continuity underscore the fragility of the current energy market balance. This dynamic has led to increased volatility in oil prices as traders weigh the prospects of tighter supply against potential disruptions.

Analysts note that global oil inventories remain a critical indicator of market health. Recent data show stocks in key consuming regions have fluctuated, influenced by varying rates of economic activity and shifts in fuel consumption patterns. The International Energy Agency has highlighted that while demand has strengthened, it faces headwinds from inflationary pressures and a slower-than-expected economic rebound in several major economies.

Energy firms and investors are responding to the evolving scenario by adjusting their strategies. Some producers are exercising caution in ramping up output, mindful of price swings and regulatory challenges. Investment in exploration and production continues to be scrutinised in light of global energy transition policies and commitments to reduce carbon emissions, factors that could constrain long-term supply growth.

The global energy market is also observing shifts in trade flows as refiners and consumers adapt to changing supply sources. Countries in Asia and Europe are recalibrating their crude procurement strategies to mitigate risks and capitalise on price movements. This realignment is creating new patterns of demand that could influence OPEC+ decisions and broader market trends going forward.

Despite these complexities, market analysts caution that the oil market remains sensitive to any significant geopolitical escalation or unexpected shifts in production policies. The interplay between supply discipline by producing nations and geopolitical developments will continue to be key drivers of price direction. The potential for further volatility remains high as global economic conditions evolve and political uncertainties persist.

Financial institutions remain divided on how aggressively OPEC+ will pursue production hikes in the coming months. Some expect a gradual easing of supply constraints if demand shows sustained improvement, while others predict continued restraint to maintain price support amid ongoing global uncertainties.

Dubai has solidified its position as the premier global destination for greenfield foreign direct investment in the cultural and creative industries , securing the top spot in the Financial Times’ fDi Markets ranking for the third consecutive year.

In 2024, the emirate attracted 971 CCI projects, marking an 8% increase from the previous year. These ventures brought in AED 18.86 billion in capital inflows, a surge of nearly 60% compared to 2023, and generated 23,517 new jobs, reflecting a 9% year-on-year rise.

The report evaluated 233 cities under the ‘Creative Industries Cluster’ classification, with Dubai outperforming major global hubs such as London and Singapore.

Key growth areas within Dubai’s CCI sector included advertising and public relations, film and media production, gaming, education, and advanced software design. According to the Dubai FDI Monitor, greenfield, wholly-owned ventures constituted 76.5% of all projects, while new forms of investment accounted for 15.4%, reinvestment 5.6%, and mergers and acquisitions 2.4%.

Flexible government policies have played a significant role in boosting FDI flows into the CCI sector, enhancing Dubai’s appeal to investors, entrepreneurs, and innovators.

Her Highness Sheikha Latifa bint Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Chairperson of the Dubai Culture and Arts Authority, stated, “Through strategic planning and pioneering initiatives, Dubai has cultivated an environment that empowers creatives, investors, and entrepreneurs to realise their ideas and turn them into impactful, sustainable projects that enrich the emirate’s cultural fabric.”

The United States led in terms of FDI capital inflows into Dubai’s CCI sector in 2024, contributing 23.2%, followed by India , the United Kingdom , Switzerland , and Saudi Arabia . In terms of the number of FDI projects, India topped the list with 18.8%, followed by the United Kingdom , the United States , Germany , and Italy .

Germany’s antitrust authority, the Bundeskartellamt, has issued a formal warning to Amazon regarding its pricing policies on the Amazon Marketplace. The watchdog contends that Amazon’s mechanisms for controlling third-party sellers’ prices may infringe upon both national and European Union competition laws.

The Bundeskartellamt’s concerns centre on Amazon’s use of algorithms and policies that potentially penalise third-party sellers for setting prices deemed too high. Such penalties could include demotion in search rankings or outright removal of products from the platform. The authority argues that these practices may constitute an abuse of market dominance, restricting fair competition and consumer choice.

This development follows the Bundeskartellamt’s designation of Amazon as an entity of “paramount significance for competition across markets” under Section 19a of the German Competition Act. This classification subjects Amazon to heightened regulatory scrutiny and obligations to ensure competitive fairness.

In response to the ongoing investigation, the Bundeskartellamt conducted a survey in September 2024 involving 2,000 third-party retailers. The survey aimed to assess the impact of Amazon’s pricing policies on sellers’ behaviour and market dynamics. Preliminary findings suggest that Amazon’s practices may deter sellers from offering competitive prices, thereby limiting market diversity.

Amazon has previously defended its pricing policies, asserting that they are designed to prevent price gouging and protect consumers. However, the Bundeskartellamt maintains that such justifications do not exempt the company from adhering to competition laws.

The European Commission is also monitoring Amazon’s practices, particularly in light of the Digital Markets Act , which seeks to regulate large online platforms and prevent anti-competitive behaviour. Under the DMA, companies designated as “gatekeepers” are prohibited from favouring their own services or imposing unfair conditions on business users.

The outcome of the Bundeskartellamt’s investigation could have significant implications for Amazon’s operations in Germany and potentially across the European Union. If found in violation of competition laws, Amazon may face substantial fines and be required to alter its business practices to promote fair competition.

Strategy, formerly known as MicroStrategy, has acquired an additional 705 bitcoins for approximately $75.1 million, bringing its total holdings to 580,955 BTC. The latest purchase was made at an average price of $106,495 per coin, as disclosed in a regulatory filing on June 2.

This acquisition, executed between May 26 and June 1, was financed through proceeds from the sale of STRK and STRF preferred shares under the company’s at-the-market offering programmes. The cumulative investment in bitcoin now stands at approximately $40.68 billion, with an average purchase price of $70,023 per coin.

Strategy’s aggressive bitcoin accumulation strategy has positioned it as the largest corporate holder of the cryptocurrency, owning nearly 3% of the total supply. The company’s bitcoin yield year-to-date for 2025 has reached 16.9%, reflecting substantial gains amid the cryptocurrency’s price fluctuations.

The firm’s consistent weekly purchases underscore its commitment to bitcoin as a primary treasury reserve asset. This approach has influenced other companies to consider similar strategies, with firms like GameStop and Trump Media initiating significant bitcoin acquisitions.

Despite market volatility, Strategy’s leadership remains steadfast in its bitcoin investment approach. Chairman Michael Saylor has indicated that the company will continue to purchase bitcoin, especially during market dips, emphasizing a long-term perspective on the asset’s value.

The company’s stock performance has been closely tied to bitcoin’s price movements, reflecting investor sentiment towards its cryptocurrency-centric strategy. As of the latest trading session, Strategy’s shares were priced at $369.06, experiencing a slight decline of 0.35%.

Bitcoin has surpassed $111,000, marking a significant milestone in its 2025 bull run. Standard Chartered has reiterated its forecast that the cryptocurrency could reach $500,000 before the end of President Donald Trump’s second term in January 2029. This projection is underpinned by increasing institutional interest and a shift in investment strategies towards digital assets.

Geoffrey Kendrick, Standard Chartered’s Global Head of Digital Assets Research, points to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s Form 13F filings as evidence of growing institutional engagement with Bitcoin. These filings reveal that sovereign wealth funds and state-affiliated institutions are acquiring shares in companies like Strategy , which hold substantial Bitcoin reserves. This indirect exposure is seen as a strategic move to gain access to Bitcoin’s potential upside while navigating regulatory constraints.

The bank’s confidence in Bitcoin’s trajectory is further bolstered by macroeconomic factors. Diminishing returns on traditional government bonds have prompted investors to seek alternative stores of value. Bitcoin’s capped supply of 21 million coins and its growing acceptance as a digital asset make it an attractive option for those looking to hedge against inflation and economic uncertainty.

Standard Chartered’s analysis suggests a phased growth pattern for Bitcoin: reaching $200,000 by the end of 2025, $300,000 by the end of 2026, and ultimately $500,000 by the end of 2028. This outlook is supported by the increasing integration of Bitcoin into institutional portfolios and the maturation of the cryptocurrency market.

While the bank’s projections are optimistic, they are not without caveats. The forecast assumes continued regulatory support, technological advancements, and sustained investor interest. Any significant disruptions in these areas could impact Bitcoin’s price trajectory.

Japan has elevated its foreign direct investment target to ¥120 trillion by 2030, a 20% increase from its previous goal, as part of a broader strategy to invigorate its economy and attract overseas capital. The government also aims to further boost this figure to ¥150 trillion by the mid-2030s, nearly tripling the current FDI level of approximately ¥50 trillion.

This strategic shift underscores Japan’s commitment to revitalising its economy by drawing foreign firms into key growth sectors such as decarbonisation. The revised targets are expected to be formally included in the government’s upcoming fiscal and economic policy guidelines set for release in June.

The initiative is not solely focused on national economic growth but also aims to stimulate regional economies and create employment opportunities beyond major urban centres. To support this, the government is considering new grants and enhanced public-private collaboration frameworks to facilitate the establishment of foreign facilities in local areas.

Japan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs has been actively promoting FDI by establishing contact points in major embassies and consulates-general worldwide. These efforts are aimed at attracting people, goods, capital, and ideas from overseas to strengthen the growth potential of the Japanese economy and foster innovation.

The government’s strategy includes identifying challenges for foreign companies in making follow-up investments in Japan and promoting activities abroad to attract FDIs through the FDI Task Forces established in various diplomatic missions. Additionally, investment seminars are being held to disseminate information about Japan’s business environment and its attractiveness as an investment destination.

First Abu Dhabi Bank , the largest lender in the United Arab Emirates by assets, is set to raise approximately $480 million through a secondary share offering. The transaction involves the sale of around 113 million shares at a fixed price of 15.5 dirhams per share, representing a 3.7% discount to the bank’s closing price of 16.1 dirhams on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange. Citi, acting as the bookrunner, confirmed that the offering was fully subscribed, with demand surpassing the number of shares available.

The identity of the selling shareholder remains undisclosed. FAB’s largest stakeholder is Mubadala Investment Company, Abu Dhabi’s sovereign wealth fund, which manages assets exceeding $330 billion. As of the end of March, FAB reported total assets of 1.31 trillion dirhams, underscoring its dominant position in the region’s banking sector.

The oversubscription of the share sale indicates robust investor confidence in FAB’s financial health and strategic direction. The bank has been actively pursuing growth opportunities beyond the Gulf region. Two years ago, FAB explored a potential acquisition of London-listed Standard Chartered, signaling its ambition to expand its international footprint.

Under the leadership of Group CEO Hana Al Rostamani since 2021, FAB has undergone significant restructuring to enhance operational efficiency and shareholder returns. The bank reorganized its operations into four new divisions and appointed Linos Lekkas, a veteran from Citi, as the head of its investment banking division. This strategic realignment aims to strengthen FAB’s position in the Gulf and support its expansion plans.

FAB’s strong financial performance further bolsters investor sentiment. In the first quarter, the bank reported a 23% increase in net profit, driven by growth in non-interest income from fees and commissions. This performance exceeded analysts’ expectations and reflects the bank’s diversified revenue streams and effective cost management.

Elon Musk has announced the rollout of XChat, a new messaging feature on the X platform, integrating end-to-end encryption, vanishing messages, and support for various file types. Developed in Rust, XChat also offers audio and video calling capabilities without requiring a phone number, marking a significant shift in the platform’s communication tools.

The introduction of XChat follows the discontinuation of X’s previous encrypted direct messaging system, which had been available to paid subscribers for two years. The new system is gradually being made accessible to premium users, with broader availability expected in the coming weeks.

Central to XChat’s security is its “Bitcoin-style” encryption, a term Musk uses to describe the platform’s adoption of elliptic curve cryptography . This method, also employed in Bitcoin transactions, provides robust security with smaller key sizes, enhancing performance and reducing resource consumption. While specific details about the encryption implementation remain undisclosed, the approach suggests a focus on decentralized and secure communication.

The choice of Rust as the programming language for XChat underscores a commitment to safety and performance. Rust’s emphasis on memory safety helps mitigate vulnerabilities common in other languages, such as memory corruption, which has been a significant source of security issues in software development.

XChat’s features extend beyond encryption. Users can send messages that automatically disappear after a set period, enhancing privacy. The platform supports the transfer of various file types, catering to diverse communication needs. Notably, audio and video calls can be made without linking to a phone number, allowing for greater anonymity and flexibility across devices.

This development aligns with Musk’s broader vision of transforming X into a comprehensive “everything app,” akin to China’s WeChat. By integrating messaging, calling, and file-sharing functionalities, X aims to become a central hub for users’ digital interactions. Plans are also underway to introduce X Money, a digital wallet service developed in partnership with Visa, enabling peer-to-peer payments and further expanding the platform’s ecosystem.

As XChat enters the competitive messaging landscape, it positions itself against established players like Signal and Telegram. While these platforms have long prioritized user privacy and security, XChat’s integration into the broader X platform offers a unique proposition. However, experts advise caution, noting that XChat has yet to undergo independent security audits, a standard practice for verifying the robustness of encryption protocols.

The move towards enhanced privacy features reflects a growing demand among users for secure communication channels. With increasing concerns over data breaches and surveillance, platforms that prioritize user confidentiality are gaining traction. XChat’s emphasis on encryption and user control over messages indicates an awareness of these concerns and a response to the evolving digital landscape.

Sberbank, Russia’s largest lender, has introduced structured bonds tied to Bitcoin’s performance, offering investors exposure to cryptocurrency price movements without direct ownership. These bonds, denominated in rubles and compliant with Russian law, are currently available to qualified investors through over-the-counter markets, with plans for future listings on the Moscow Exchange.

The initiative follows the Bank of Russia’s recent decision to permit financial institutions to offer crypto-linked financial instruments to accredited investors. Under the new guidelines, banks can provide derivatives, securities, and digital financial assets whose returns are linked to cryptocurrency prices, provided there is no actual delivery of the underlying crypto assets. This move aims to offer regulated exposure to digital assets while mitigating associated risks.

Sberbank’s Deputy Chairman of the Executive Board, Anatoly Popov, stated that the bank’s new product provides a convenient and secure way for investors to gain exposure to cryptocurrency assets without direct ownership, ensuring full compliance with regulatory requirements on Russian infrastructure. The structured bonds are designed to cater to investors seeking returns linked to cryptocurrency dynamics within a regulated framework.

In addition to Sberbank’s offerings, the Moscow Exchange has announced plans to launch a cash-settled Bitcoin futures contract on its derivatives market in June. The SPB Exchange has also outlined intentions to introduce cryptocurrency-linked futures trading, signaling a broader acceptance of crypto-related financial products within Russia’s regulated financial markets.

The Bank of Russia’s decision to allow crypto-linked financial instruments comes amid increasing interest in digital assets among Russian investors. The central bank reported a 51% increase in crypto asset inflows by Russian residents in the first quarter of 2025, totaling 7.3 trillion rubles . To manage potential risks, the central bank has mandated that banks and credit institutions fully back these products with capital, apply conservative risk assessments, and set individual exposure limits.

Sberbank’s move to offer structured bonds tied to cryptocurrency price movements represents a significant step in bridging traditional finance with digital assets in Russia. By providing regulated investment products linked to cryptocurrencies, the bank aims to meet growing investor demand while adhering to the country’s cautious regulatory stance on digital assets.

Abu Dhabi’s Department of Municipalities and Transport is on track to issue the main construction tender for the second phase of the Mid Island Parkway Project by the end of 2025. This phase encompasses approximately 11 kilometres of highway development, featuring a combination of three-lane, four-lane, and five-lane roads. The project aims to enhance connectivity between key islands—Um Yifeenah, Al-Jubail, Al-Sammaliyyah, and Sas Al-Nakhl—and mainland areas such as Khalifa City and the E10 highway.

Integral to this phase are the construction of three significant interchanges: the E20, E10, and a dumbbell interchange on Al-Sammaliyyah Island. These interchanges are designed to facilitate smoother traffic flow and reduce congestion, aligning with Abu Dhabi’s broader urban development goals under the Plan Capital Urban Evolution programme.

The Mid Island Parkway Project, spanning a total of 25 kilometres, is a cornerstone of Abu Dhabi’s strategic infrastructure initiatives. It is designed to bolster the city’s transportation network, improve accessibility, and support the emirate’s economic growth by connecting emerging urban centres.

Phase one of the MIPP included the construction of the Umm Yifeenah Bridge, a 3.8-kilometre overwater structure that links Al Reem Island, Umm Yifeenah Island, and Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Street. This bridge, which accommodates up to 12,000 vehicles per hour, also features pedestrian and cycling paths, promoting sustainable modes of transport.

The upcoming tender for phase two reflects the DMT’s commitment to advancing Abu Dhabi’s infrastructure in line with its urban planning vision. By enhancing connectivity between islands and the mainland, the project is expected to alleviate traffic congestion and support the city’s expansion.

James Wynn, a prominent figure in the cryptocurrency trading community, has suffered a staggering loss of approximately $99.3 million following the liquidation of his leveraged Bitcoin positions on the Hyperliquid platform. The liquidation was triggered as Bitcoin’s price fell below the critical $105,000 threshold, leading to the forced closure of Wynn’s positions totaling 949 BTC.

The sequence of events unfolded rapidly. On May 29, Wynn’s position of 94 BTC, valued at around $10 million, was liquidated when Bitcoin’s price dipped to $106,330. The following day, two larger positions were closed: one comprising 527.29 BTC at $104,950, and another of 421.8 BTC at $104,150, amounting to losses of $55.3 million and $43.9 million respectively. These liquidations collectively accounted for the 949 BTC loss, as confirmed by on-chain analytics platforms.

Wynn’s aggressive trading strategy involved a 40x leveraged long position, a high-risk approach that amplifies both potential gains and losses. He had reportedly increased his leveraged position to $1.25 billion on May 24, banking on a bullish trajectory for Bitcoin. However, the market’s downturn, influenced by macroeconomic factors including discussions on tariffs by the US administration, led to a sharp decline in Bitcoin’s value, undermining Wynn’s position.

Despite the significant losses, Wynn continues to hold a substantial position in the market. He currently maintains a 40x leveraged long position in a perpetual contract, which was initiated when Bitcoin was priced at $107,993. This position is presently at an unrealized loss of approximately $3.4 million, with the liquidation price hovering around $104,607. Wynn’s margin usage is nearing 100%, indicating a precarious situation where any further decline in Bitcoin’s price could trigger additional liquidations.

The incident has sparked discussions within the trading community about the risks associated with high-leverage trading strategies. While such approaches can yield substantial profits, they also expose traders to significant losses, particularly in volatile markets. Wynn’s experience serves as a cautionary tale, highlighting the importance of risk management and the potential consequences of aggressive trading tactics.

In a related development, another trader reportedly capitalized on Wynn’s misfortune by adopting a contrarian strategy—shorting when Wynn went long and vice versa—resulting in a profit of $17 million. This underscores the zero-sum nature of leveraged trading, where one trader’s loss can translate into another’s gain.

The broader cryptocurrency market has also felt the impact of the downturn. Within an hour of Bitcoin’s price dropping below $105,000, approximately $345 million was liquidated from the market, reflecting the high volatility and the cascading effect of large-scale liquidations. Analysts note that such events can lead to heightened caution among traders, elevated funding rates, and potential ripple effects on Bitcoin’s price action and overall market sentiment.

Messaging platform Telegram has successfully raised $1.7 billion through a convertible bond issuance, aiming to refinance existing debt and bolster its financial position. The five-year notes offer a 9% annual coupon and include a provision allowing bondholders to convert their holdings into equity at a 20% discount if Telegram proceeds with an initial public offering before maturity.

A significant portion of the proceeds, approximately $955 million, is earmarked to repurchase outstanding bonds from a 2021 issuance set to mature in March 2026. Telegram had previously repurchased around $400 million of this debt using internal funds. The remaining funds from the new bond sale will support the company’s operational expansion and strategic initiatives.

The bond offering attracted substantial interest from institutional investors. Existing backers like BlackRock and Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala Investment Company participated, alongside new entrants such as hedge fund Citadel. The high yield and potential for equity conversion made the bonds particularly appealing to investors seeking both income and growth opportunities.

Telegram’s financial performance has shown marked improvement. In 2024, the company reported a profit of $540 million on revenues of $1.4 billion, a significant turnaround from a loss of $173 million on $342 million in revenue the previous year. Projections for 2025 indicate a profit exceeding $700 million on revenues of $2 billion, driven by diversified income streams including advertising, in-app purchases, and premium subscriptions.

A notable contributor to Telegram’s revenue growth is a $300 million partnership with Elon Musk’s artificial intelligence firm, xAI. Under this agreement, Telegram will distribute xAI’s chatbot, Grok, within its platform, receiving compensation in both cash and equity. This collaboration signifies Telegram’s foray into integrating advanced AI technologies to enhance user engagement and service offerings.

Despite these financial strides, Telegram faces legal challenges. CEO Pavel Durov is currently under investigation in France for allegedly failing to cooperate with authorities probing illegal activities on the platform. Durov, who has been released on bail, is restricted from leaving France without official permission. His request to travel to the United States for investor meetings was denied by French prosecutors, citing insufficient justification. Durov maintains that Telegram has complied with all legal obligations and expresses uncertainty over the basis of the charges.

These legal issues have not deterred investor confidence. The successful bond issuance reflects a strong belief in Telegram’s growth trajectory and financial stability. The company’s user base continues to expand, with over 1 billion monthly active users and a doubling of paid subscribers to more than 15 million in the past year.

OPEC and its allies, collectively known as OPEC+, have reaffirmed their existing oil production targets through 2026, opting to maintain current supply restraints despite ongoing market volatility and internal disagreements over future quotas.

During a virtual ministerial meeting on Wednesday, the 22-member alliance confirmed that the group-wide production cuts, initially set in 2022, will remain in place. These cuts include a 2 million barrels per day reduction agreed upon in November 2022, along with additional voluntary cuts totaling 3.85 million bpd by eight key producers—Saudi Arabia, Russia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Iraq, Algeria, Oman, and Kazakhstan. The voluntary cuts are structured in two layers: a 1.65 million bpd reduction extended through the end of 2026 and a 2.2 million bpd cut scheduled to expire in March 2025.

The alliance’s decision to uphold these targets comes amid a backdrop of fluctuating oil prices and concerns over global demand. Brent crude futures have hovered around $65 per barrel, a significant drop from earlier highs, influenced by factors such as increased production from non-OPEC countries and economic uncertainties stemming from global trade tensions.

A more contentious discussion is set to take place on Saturday, when the eight core OPEC+ members implementing voluntary cuts will convene to decide on July production levels. These countries have been gradually unwinding the 2.2 million bpd cut since April, with increases of 411,000 bpd implemented in both May and June. The group is expected to consider a similar hike for July, potentially accelerating the rollback of cuts and impacting global oil supply dynamics.

Telegram has entered into a one-year agreement with Elon Musk’s artificial intelligence company, xAI, to integrate the Grok chatbot into its messaging platform, which boasts over one billion users globally. Under the terms of the deal, Telegram will receive $300 million in a combination of cash and equity, along with 50% of the revenue generated from xAI subscriptions sold through the app.

This partnership marks a significant expansion for Grok, which was previously available exclusively to premium subscribers of X . By integrating Grok into Telegram, xAI aims to broaden its user base and compete more directly with established AI chatbots like OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s Gemini.

Telegram CEO Pavel Durov announced the collaboration on X, highlighting the strategic move to enhance user engagement through advanced AI capabilities. The integration of Grok into Telegram is expected to provide users with a more interactive and intelligent messaging experience, leveraging Grok’s ability to generate text, understand images, and summarise conversations.

The financial structure of the deal underscores the growing value of AI integration in messaging platforms. The $300 million investment from xAI not only provides Telegram with substantial capital but also aligns both companies’ interests through the shared revenue model. This approach reflects a broader trend in the tech industry, where companies seek to monetise AI tools by embedding them into widely used applications.

Grok’s integration into Telegram comes amid a competitive landscape for AI chatbots. xAI, founded by Elon Musk in 2023, has rapidly developed Grok to offer features such as web search results, PDF uploads, and image understanding. The chatbot is designed to provide responses with a touch of wit and humour, distinguishing it from more conventional AI assistants.

The rollout of Grok on Telegram also raises questions about content moderation and user data privacy. Telegram has faced scrutiny in the past for its approach to content oversight, and the addition of an AI chatbot with unfiltered responses could attract further attention from regulators and watchdogs. xAI has previously faced criticism for Grok’s use of user data from X, leading to investigations by European privacy regulators.