Beijing pairs olive branch with pressure
The package, unveiled on Sunday at the close of Cheng’s visit to China, includes moves to restore more flights across the Taiwan Strait, permit some residents of Shanghai and Fujian to visit Taiwan, ease standards affecting food and fishery imports, and allow selected Taiwanese television dramas, documentaries and animation to be broadcast on the mainland provided they meet Beijing’s content requirements. Chinese state media also said officials would explore a regular communication mechanism between the Communist Party and the KMT.
The announcement followed Cheng’s meeting with Xi at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on Friday, a politically sensitive encounter that stood out because China has refused to engage with Taiwan’s President Lai Ching-te, branding him a separatist. During the talks, Xi repeated Beijing’s long-held position that both sides of the strait belong to “one China”, said Taiwan independence was the main threat to peace, and called for efforts toward what he described as reunification. Cheng, presenting her trip as a peace mission, said people on both sides wanted stability, development and more balanced exchanges.
That combination of outreach and warning is central to the significance of Sunday’s measures. Beijing appears to be trying to show Taiwanese voters that practical benefits may be available through engagement with the opposition, while keeping pressure on the ruling Democratic Progressive Party and preserving the political precondition that any improvement in ties must rest on opposition to formal independence. The trade and tourism sweeteners may carry appeal for sectors in Taiwan that have long depended on mainland visitors and mainland demand for agricultural and aquatic products, both of which have been disrupted by years of political tension, pandemic-era restrictions and Chinese import curbs.
Taipei’s response was sharply critical. Taiwan’s Mainland Affairs Council said Beijing’s unilateral concessions were “poisoned pills” dressed up as generous gifts and argued that healthy cross-strait exchanges should not be tied to political conditions. That reaction underscored the core divide between the two governments: China says the issue is domestic and insists on a one-China framework, while Taiwan’s administration says only the island’s people can decide their future and that Beijing should talk directly to its democratically elected government rather than sidestepping it.
The KMT, by contrast, welcomed the package and cast it as beneficial to ordinary people in Taiwan. That stance is consistent with the party’s longstanding preference for deeper economic and diplomatic engagement with the mainland than the ruling DPP supports. Cheng’s trip was the first by a KMT leader to China in a decade, making it symbolically important as well as politically divisive at home, where critics say opposition outreach risks strengthening Beijing’s narrative while weakening Taiwan’s bargaining position.
Any goodwill message from Beijing has also been complicated by events in the skies and seas around Taiwan. Reuters reported that Chinese military activity around the island continued during Cheng’s visit, and Taiwan’s defence ministry said warplanes were detected near the island as Xi met the opposition leader. That has allowed Lai’s administration and its supporters to argue that China is offering conciliation in public while maintaining coercion in practice. The contrast has sharpened a broader political argument inside Taiwan between those who say deterrence and defence spending are indispensable, and those who believe dialogue must have a larger role in reducing risk.
Washington has added another layer to the story. Raymond Greene, the top United States diplomat in Taiwan, said Beijing should abandon threats and military pressure and keep communication open with all of Taiwan’s political parties, especially leaders elected by the Taiwanese people. His remarks reflected a familiar United States position: support for dialogue across the strait, opposition to unilateral changes to the status quo, and insistence that talks cannot be divorced from the balance of deterrence.
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