News related to
prices

The reported move, if confirmed, would mark a significant shift in the composition of India’s external buffers at a time when oil prices, foreign portfolio outflows and import demand are combining to test the country’s balance of payments position. The RBI has not publicly confirmed any gold sale of that scale, and the latest available reserve data show a fall in the value of gold holdings rather than a definitive disclosure of physical bullion sales.

India’s foreign exchange reserves fell to $681.4 billion for the week ended May 22, down $7.5 billion from the previous week. Foreign currency assets declined by about $3 billion to $543 billion, while the value of gold reserves dropped by roughly $4.5 billion. The fall came as the rupee traded near record lows, having weakened by more than 4 per cent since the outbreak of the US-Iran conflict and the accompanying rise in energy prices.

The rupee has been under sustained pressure from higher crude oil and liquefied natural gas costs, wider hedging by importers and withdrawals by overseas investors from domestic equities. Brent crude has traded in the mid-$90 range, raising concern over India’s import bill because the country depends heavily on overseas energy supplies. Any prolonged disruption in Gulf shipping routes would add to inflation risks and intensify demand for dollars from refiners and importers.

The RBI has intervened through state-run banks to slow the currency’s decline, with traders indicating that the central bank has been uncomfortable with disorderly depreciation. The rupee was around 95 to the dollar this week after briefly sliding close to 97 in May. The central bank’s policy decision due this week is being watched for signals on whether it will rely mainly on liquidity tools, dollar sales and administrative measures, or consider a firmer monetary response.

The reported $12 billion gold-related action has drawn attention because India’s gold holdings have expanded in importance within the reserve portfolio. The central bank held about 880.5 tonnes of gold at the end of March, with gold accounting for nearly 17 per cent of total foreign exchange reserves. The physical stock has been broadly steady around 880 tonnes since mid-2025, suggesting that changes in the dollar value of gold reserves can reflect price movements, accounting effects and reserve operations as well as outright sales.

Gold has become a larger part of central bank reserves worldwide as monetary authorities seek diversification away from dollar assets and protection against geopolitical shocks. India has also moved more of its bullion to domestic vaults, reducing custody risks linked to overseas storage. That strategy had been seen as a long-term strengthening of sovereign reserve control, making any suggestion of sizeable gold liquidation politically and financially sensitive.

The government has moved separately to curb foreign exchange outflows. Import duties on gold and silver have been lifted sharply to about 15 per cent from 6 per cent, reversing earlier tariff relief and increasing the landed cost of precious metals. Rules around some bullion imports have also been tightened, while appeals have been made to households to reduce discretionary gold purchases.

Fuel prices have also been raised as state-run retailers pass through part of the increase in international crude costs. Petrol and diesel prices have risen after several years of limited retail adjustments, adding to household costs but reducing the burden on public-sector oil marketing companies. The step is intended to limit under-recoveries at fuel retailers and reduce the fiscal strain that would otherwise build if global prices stay elevated.

The combined policy response reflects the strain of a classic external shock: a weaker currency lifts import costs, higher oil prices widen the trade deficit, and investors demand higher compensation for risk. India enters this phase with substantial reserves, moderate inflation by past crisis standards and a financial system that remains broadly stable, but the speed of the rupee’s decline has revived comparisons with earlier episodes of currency stress.

For markets, the key question is whether the central bank can preserve confidence without exhausting liquid dollar assets or signalling panic. A calibrated use of reserves can smooth volatility, but heavy intervention may raise doubts if investors see it as a defence of a particular exchange-rate level. The RBI’s challenge is to keep currency markets orderly while allowing enough flexibility for the rupee to adjust to the oil shock and global risk aversion.

The state-run Ceylon Petroleum Corporation increased the price of 92-octane petrol to 434 Sri Lankan rupees a litre from 410 rupees, while auto diesel rose to 407 rupees from 392 rupees. The revision adds to household and transport costs at a time when the island’s recovery from its 2022 debt default remains exposed to global energy shocks, a weaker currency and pressure on public finances.

The adjustment follows the IMF executive board’s approval of fresh funding under Sri Lanka’s $2.9 billion Extended Fund Facility, agreed in early 2023 after the country ran out of foreign exchange and suspended repayment on about $46 billion in external debt. The programme requires cost-reflective pricing for fuel and electricity, stronger revenue collection, improved governance and protection for vulnerable households as subsidies are gradually unwound.

President Anura Kumara Dissanayake has told the IMF that fuel subsidies will be phased out by September. The pledge marks a politically sensitive step for a government facing pressure from consumers, transport operators and small businesses that remain scarred by the shortages and inflationary spiral of 2022. Fuel pricing has become a central test of the administration’s ability to maintain reform commitments without provoking a deeper squeeze on living standards.

Sri Lanka imports all its petroleum requirements and also relies on imported coal for part of its electricity generation. That exposure has sharpened the impact of turmoil in the Middle East, where higher crude prices and disruption risks have increased the cost of energy imports. Petrol and diesel prices have climbed sharply since late February, while electricity tariffs have also been raised as part of the effort to prevent losses at state-owned utilities from spilling into the budget.

The price increase comes amid renewed inflation concerns. Headline inflation rose to 5.4 per cent in April from 2.2 per cent in March, reversing part of the disinflation that had helped stabilise the economy after the crisis. Fuel and transport costs are expected to feed into food distribution, public transport fares and logistics charges, with lower-income households likely to feel the effects first.

The Central Bank of Sri Lanka responded to the pressure last week with an unexpected 100-basis-point increase in its benchmark policy rate, lifting the overnight policy rate to 8.75 per cent from 7.75 per cent. The move was designed to contain inflation expectations, limit rupee depreciation and support external stability, though it also raised concerns that tighter credit could slow investment and consumption.

Foreign reserves fell 3.8 per cent in April to $6.7 billion, reflecting higher import costs and currency pressure. The IMF disbursement is expected to help rebuild reserve buffers, but the broader challenge remains keeping the external account stable while meeting fuel, fertiliser, medicine and food import needs. A sustained rise in energy prices could widen the import bill and complicate the government’s debt-restructuring path.

Economic growth is projected to slow to about 3 per cent this year after expanding 5 per cent in 2025. Tourism, remittances and improved fiscal management have supported the rebound, but higher interest rates and energy costs could weigh on activity. Businesses that depend on transport and electricity are likely to pass on part of the cost increase, while exporters face mixed effects from a weaker rupee and higher domestic input prices.

The fuel adjustment also revives debate over the balance between reform and relief. Cost-recovery pricing is intended to stop Ceylon Petroleum Corporation and the power sector from accumulating losses that would eventually require budget support. Critics argue that faster price transmission can deepen hardship unless social protection systems are strengthened and targeted cash transfers reach households most exposed to rising food, transport and utility bills.

By Nitya Chakraborty Facing the big possibility of China taking control of the new Junta government in Myanmar which took office last month, Indian policy makers are now very keen to give a big push to the India-Myanmar relations covering both economy and security aspects. Myanmar President U Min Aung Hlaing is in India visit […]

The article Facing Major Challenge From China, India Set To Improve Bilateral Relations With Myanmar appeared first on Latest India news, analysis and reports on Newspack by India Press Agency).

InterGlobe Aviation, the parent of IndiGo, reported a consolidated net loss of ₹2,536.9 crore for the quarter ended 31 March 2026, compared with a profit of ₹3,067.5 crore a year earlier. Revenue from operations rose 1.3 per cent to ₹22,438.4 crore, underscoring the pressure on margins even as traffic and network scale remained broadly resilient.

Foreign exchange was the biggest drag on earnings. The airline recorded a net forex loss of about ₹4,823 crore during the quarter, reversing a gain in the same period last year. More than half of IndiGo’s cost base is linked to the US dollar, leaving the carrier exposed to currency movements through aircraft leases, maintenance, engine costs and other overseas obligations.

The March-quarter performance also reflected the impact of higher aviation turbine fuel prices, which rose sharply as geopolitical tensions disrupted crude markets. Fuel remains the single largest variable cost for airlines, and IndiGo’s low-cost model has been tested by the combination of higher oil prices, a weaker rupee and operational restrictions affecting parts of its network.

Capacity growth slowed to 3.4 per cent during the quarter, far below the pace recorded a year earlier. The carrier faced route and scheduling challenges tied to West Asia airspace disruption, while higher fuel prices made some services less attractive commercially. IndiGo and other carriers have trimmed planned domestic schedules for June and July as they reassess deployment during the summer travel period.

The result marks a sharp reversal for an airline that has benefited from strong domestic demand, high aircraft utilisation and the weakness of smaller rivals. IndiGo still controls the largest share of the country’s aviation market and operates one of the world’s biggest aircraft order books, but the quarterly loss shows that scale alone cannot fully offset external shocks.

Operationally, the airline continued to expand its network and strengthen international connectivity, including services aimed at capturing longer-haul demand from South Asia to Europe, the Gulf and Southeast Asia. Management has been pushing a broader transformation from a predominantly domestic low-cost carrier into a larger international operator with premium options on select routes.

That strategy requires higher spending, more complex aircraft deployment and deeper exposure to foreign-currency costs. Lease liabilities, engine maintenance obligations and airport charges in overseas markets are all sensitive to exchange-rate movement. The quarter therefore highlights a central challenge for IndiGo: maintaining its cost advantage while moving into markets where volatility is harder to absorb.

The airline is also evaluating a broader hedging approach for fuel and currency exposure. IndiGo has traditionally kept a limited fuel-hedging position, relying instead on operational efficiency and scale. The latest loss could accelerate a shift towards more active risk management, particularly if crude prices remain elevated and the rupee stays under pressure.

Passenger demand has not collapsed, but softer discretionary travel linked to higher fares and regional uncertainty has added pressure. Airlines have sought to pass part of the fuel-cost increase to passengers, yet fare hikes can weaken price-sensitive demand, especially in the low-cost segment. That balance is becoming more difficult as carriers deal with aircraft shortages, engine inspections and congested airports.

IndiGo’s cost structure also faced pressure from labour-related provisions and broader inflation in staff, airport and maintenance expenses. The company has been adding pilots, cabin crew and engineering capacity to support network growth, while aircraft groundings linked to engine issues continue to affect industry-wide fleet planning.

Despite the quarterly loss, the airline remains better placed than many competitors because of its fleet scale, liquidity position and extensive domestic network. Its large Airbus order book gives it long-term growth visibility, while its high-frequency metro and regional operations provide strong load-factor support. The carrier’s ability to manage unit costs will be central to restoring profitability.

The board has approved a plan to deploy up to $450 million for aircraft, engines and other aviation assets, a move aimed at giving the airline more control over key operating inputs. That investment points to a longer-term effort to reduce dependence on leased capacity and improve flexibility in fleet management.