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ARABIAN POST SPECIAL

Australia’s Reserve Bank, through Assistant Governor Brad Jones, has warned that the era of stability and integration following the Cold War has given way to a more contested strategic environment that carries elevated risk for governments, financial institutions, and markets. At a FINSIA event in Sydney on 12 September, Jones declared that “the era of the peace dividend is over,” citing geopolitical, technological and operational disruptions reshaping the global financial order.

Jones described the international security and economic system as undergoing “seismic adjustment — on a scale and speed unseen in eight decades.” He flagged multiple forces contributing to instability: rising strategic rivalry, weakening tenets of the rules-based order, frictions in globalisation, and increasing emphasis on self-insurance by nations and firms against a broader set of possible harms.

Technological advances form one front of the risk profile. Jones spoke of an expanding surface for cyber-attacks driven by digitalisation, concerns over concentration risk in cloud services, and quantum computing’s looming threat to encryption systems. Artificial intelligence, while promising productivity gains, poses risks of misinformation, fraud, and systemic instability due to herding behaviour.

Critical infrastructure exposures were cited as especially vulnerable: telecommunications networks, the electrical grid, payment systems, and market infrastructure. Jones referenced a recent example in Europe, where cascading power outages in the Iberian Peninsula disrupted both households and economic activity, pointing out that such disruptions would be far more dangerous if key financial infrastructure were affected.

To respond, the RBA is pressing for what it calls an “anti-fragile” financial system—one not simply capable of withstanding shocks but able to adapt and improve because of them. Innovation, competition, and efficiency are being positioned not as opposing goals to resilience but as complementary. Initiatives under way include work with industry to bolster payments resilience, frameworks to ensure that future payments systems embed reliability and recoverability, migration to quantum-safe encryption standards, and reforms aimed at enabling new entrants in financial market infrastructure to reduce concentration risk.

These concerns build on earlier warnings in the RBA’s Financial Stability Review, which noted that heightened geopolitical tensions, trade uncertainty, and technological vulnerabilities could interact with existing financial system risks. The review flagged operational risks from interconnectedness and dependency on third parties for infrastructure and services.

The shift has implications for monetary policy, regulatory oversight, and business strategy. Regulators are likely to place greater emphasis on risk scenarios involving geopolitics, cyber-threats and supply-chain disruptions; financial institutions will need to review and stress-test against non-traditional threats while ensuring agility; and policy frameworks may need to evolve to address threats outside standard macroeconomic shocks.

China has seen financial flows totalling about US$4.5 trillion, a figure that many analysts believe marks a turning point in how its markets are engaging with the world. The scale of cross-border investment—both inbound and outbound—is now surpassing trade in many respects, reflecting Beijing’s accelerating liberalisation efforts and a growing confidence among foreign and domestic investors.

The financial sum comprises equity, bond, and other capital movements, and corresponds with recent policy moves designed to reduce restrictions and open up China’s capital markets. One key driver is the Stock Connect programme, which allows mainland Chinese investors to purchase eligible Hong Kong–listed stocks and gives international investors access to A-shares. Southbound flows—money moving from mainland China into Hong Kong—have been especially significant, gathering close to US$100 billion within the first half of 2025. That alone matched the total stock in 2024 via that channel.

Yields on Chinese government bonds have hit highs not seen since late 2024, suggesting investors are now demanding greater returns, but also that they perceive risks such as inflation and currency pressures to be easing. The 10- and 30-year yields climbing indicates that institutions expect stabilization in key macro indicators, even if headline economic growth remains uneven. The bond market, however, has also become more volatile, driven by leveraged buying of equities and speculative pressure in certain sectors.

Another contributing factor is the behaviour of domestic institutional investors. With over 160 trillion yuan in household savings, China’s policy makers are encouraging pension funds, insurance companies, and sovereign funds to shift more capital into domestic equities. These kinds of flows reinforce the internal market strength, even as external capital enters or exits depending on global risk appetite.

Hong Kong’s IPO market has benefited greatly. Several major mainland firms—including tech and battery makers—have either listed in Hong Kong or signalled plans to do so. This has helped Hong Kong reclaim its spot among the world’s most active IPO hubs in 2025. The changes to listing rules, including shorter approval times for eligible mainland firms, have been essential in this revival.

The integration embeds Ripple Payments into Thunes’s Direct Global Network, spanning 130 + countries and over 80 currencies. This union leverages Ripple’s global payout infrastructure—serving 90 + markets and covering more than 90 % of daily FX flows, with over US $70 billion processed—bringing real-time, cost-efficient, and transparent transactions to Thunes’s vast network.

Chloe Mayenobe, President and COO of Thunes, emphasised that the partnership bridges traditional finance and digital assets, enabling seamless, compliant cross-border payments at scale. She stressed the importance of real-time settlement and robust local integrations in scaling financial access globally. Fiona Murray, Managing Director for Asia-Pacific at Ripple, underscored how combining Thunes’s payment reach with Ripple’s digital asset infrastructure enhances speed, accessibility, and compliance.

This move extends Thunes’s capability to deliver payouts in local currencies in regions with limited banking access, particularly through its SmartX Treasury System. Ripple Payments is now integrated into SmartX, bolstering liquidity management and last-mile delivery in underbanked markets.

Analysis from BeInCrypto notes that this alignment enables faster settlement and improved compliance, especially where mobile wallets like GCash, M-Pesa, and WeChat Pay dominate. For enterprises, the collaboration promises efficient global transfers with lower friction. Crowdfund Insider adds that the partnership broadens payout reach while streamlining money movement across key markets.

Electronic Payments International confirms the integration into SmartX, reinforcing Thunes’s treasury capabilities and enhancing its services. CryptoBriefing highlights the joint effort to improve speed, transparency and compliance across Thunes’s global network by incorporating Ripple Payments.

This development reflects an industry shift: traditional payment networks increasingly adopt blockchain infrastructure to reduce costs and boost efficiency. Thunes, with its “Smart Superhighway” platform covering billions of mobile wallets, bank accounts, and cards, stands well-positioned to harness Ripple’s tools for expanding financial inclusion.

Thunes, founded in 2019 and headquartered in Singapore, already partners with PayPal, Uber, Grab, Paytm, and others, serving a global footprint that includes more than 3 billion accounts across 130 countries. The integration with Ripple strengthens its proposition to these and other clients seeking faster, more transparent cross-border transfers.

China has issued a bold action plan to propel its electronic information manufacturing industry through 2025 and 2026, targeting sustained growth in industrial output, revenue, and technological capability as it seeks to strengthen its position in the global technology arena.

The plan, jointly issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the State Administration for Market Regulation, sets forth a target of roughly 7 per cent average annual growth in industrial output across major segments—including computer, communications, and electronic equipment manufacturing. Revenue growth across related sub-sectors such as lithium batteries, photovoltaics and components is projected to exceed 5 per cent per annum.

Authorities further anticipate that by the close of 2026, the electronic information manufacturing category will retain its status as the largest among China’s 41 key industrial sectors in both revenue and export share. Ambitious local targets aim to elevate five provinces to over 1 trillion yuan in annual manufacturing revenues, with the server industry aiming to surpass 400 billion yuan.

Beyond output and revenue, the plan calls for accelerated equipment modernisation and the development of high-end, intelligent, and eco-friendly production lines. Central to this strategy is the creation of internationally competitive industry bases and specialised clusters serving smaller enterprises.

This industrial blueprint emerges amid broader national efforts to invigorate advanced manufacturing. In August, authorities unveiled new financial guidelines, integrating structural monetary instruments and “green channels” for critical technology firms, aimed at spurring innovation and easing access to capital for integrated circuits, industrial software, medical equipment and advanced materials. Concurrently, China continues to pursue consolidation within its semiconductor sector—though merger negotiations have encountered obstacles, reflecting legal, valuation and fragmentation challenges.

Observers note that China’s renewed emphasis on domestic capability complements longer-standing ambitions under industrial strategies such as “Made in China 2025”, which have driven progress in robotics, solar technology, electric vehicles and rail systems, yet left persistent weaknesses in semiconductors and aerospace.

The current two-year action plan appears to reinforce this trajectory by tying industrial upgrading to environmental standards and smart manufacturing. Provincial authorities are being pressed to deliver on revenue milestones, while the focus on intelligent and eco-friendly production signals an effort to align with global sustainability trends and elevate manufacturing sophistication.

This approach also reflects the government’s response to external pressure, including export controls and trade friction, by targeting resilience and self-sufficiency. By prioritising hubs and clusters, China aims to decentralise innovation and drive inclusive industrial progress across regions, not just within flagship firms or coastal areas.

The twin objectives of maintaining international leadership and building more advanced, cleaner industrial capacity are central to this strategy. As China moves into the mid-2020s, its success will depend on execution—not just on paper targets, but on implementation, regional mobilisation, talent development, and the ability to absorb and apply new technologies at scale.

The activation points to the investor’s decision to hold steadfast—“…patently holding their BTC holdings for over 12 years,”—a remarkable example of long-term strategic patience in the notoriously volatile cryptocurrency space.

Blockchain tracking services and on-chain analysts, while not identifying the holder, confirm that the bitcoin moved from a cold storage wallet first funded around 2012 has now matured into a substantial fortune thanks to the soaring bitcoin price. Historical price data indicates that the $4,400 stake likely purchased the bitcoin when its value was in the low-hundreds of dollars or even under $100 per coin.

This event occurs amid renewed upward momentum in bitcoin markets, where price action above the $111,000 level hints at a potential breakout to surpass $112,500. Analysts caution that maintaining momentum will be key, noting that the current ascent could falter under resistance.

While stories of dormant wallets awakening to deliver vast profits are not unprecedented, this case underscores the dramatic impact of time in cryptocurrency investing. Earlier this year, another long-term bitcoin holder netted nearly $30 million in profit after liquidating 300 BTC originally acquired in 2013 for around $60,000—a 496-fold return after more than a decade. In August 2025, yet another investor moved 300 BTC mined in 2013, transforming a $50 valuation per coin into a $30 million gain.

These developments highlight three evolving trends:

Firstly, long-term holding remains a potent strategy. The volatility of crypto is tempered by the compounding power of holding through cycles when the asset appreciates significantly over time.

Secondly, dormant wallets serve as markers of early adoption, especially during bitcoin’s infancy around 2010–2013. Their reactivation often signals profound gains to long-forgotten investors.

Thirdly, current market dynamics favour such histories. With bitcoin approaching and testing six-figure levels, such reawakenings may become more visible as early investors reclaim their positions.

The ethics of reporting such cases demand sensitivity. Without identifying individuals, disclosures should remain factual and avoid speculation about motives. What matters most is the concrete data: time-stamped transactions, verified wallet histories, and precise investment-to-return comparisons.

Private firms are allocating an average of 22 per cent of their profits into Bitcoin, as revealed by a new analysis from River, a specialist in Bitcoin financial services. The move underscores an accelerating wave of adoption from traditional companies across sectors from real estate to hospitality, driven by favourable regulation, strengthened accounting clarity, and a buoyant bull market.

River’s data shows that real estate businesses are leading this charge, with nearly 15 per cent reinvesting profits into Bitcoin, while hospitality, finance, and software firms direct between 8 per cent and 10 per cent. Even smaller, diverse businesses—including fitness studios, painting outfits, roofing contractors, and religious nonprofits—are joining the trend. By 2025, these private firms have quietly amassed 84,000 bitcoins, amounting to roughly a quarter of what institutional fund managers and corporate treasury holders combined have acquired.

The underlying conditions for this surge are clear. River attributes the shift to improved Bitcoin accounting standards, regulatory certainty, growing institutional acceptance, and a strong bull market that has seen Bitcoin’s value surge—creating an “ideal environment for widespread adoption”.

Smaller businesses, typically with fewer than 50 employees, account for 75 per cent of River’s clients, and appear to find Bitcoin adoption simpler than larger corporations. Those with complex, committee-based governance are more cautious, often awaiting peer precedent before committing—even when convinced of Bitcoin’s long-term value.

Adoption patterns also vary in scale. Over 40 per cent of the businesses allocate between 1 per cent and 10 per cent of profits to Bitcoin, while just 10 per cent invest more than half of their net income into the cryptocurrency.

This wave of grassroots participation complements broader institutional demand. River reports that public and private firms—the latter including treasury-managed corporations—are purchasing approximately 1,755 BTC per day on average in 2025. Exchange-traded funds and other investment vehicles are acquiring about 1,430 BTC per day, and governments add another 39 BTC daily. These figures stack up sharply against miner output, which is only around 450 BTC per day—raising the likelihood of a supply squeeze if exchange inventories continue to deplete.

Institution-grade buyers are also piling in. Bitcoin treasury firms accounted for 159,107 BTC acquired in the second quarter of 2025, pushing the total corporate and business-held Bitcoin to around 1.3 million BTC. Michael Saylor’s company Strategy remains the dominant corporate holder, with more than 630,000 BTC under its control.

Parallel developments illustrate the growing strategic shift toward Bitcoin within corporate finance. In the United States, investor Anthony Pompliano orchestrated a $1 billion SPAC merger to launch ProCap Financial, a new Bitcoin treasury firm with an ambition to manage up to $1 billion in cryptocurrency holdings. The firm plans to monetise its holdings through lending, derivatives, and other services, pushing the boundaries of Bitcoin treasury strategies.

Across the Atlantic, UK markets are witnessing their own momentum. At least nine London-listed companies—from technology to mining ventures—have either acquired Bitcoin or announced plans to do so, seeking similar boosts in investor appeal. Despite historical resistance from regulators concerned about money‑laundering risks, the Financial Conduct Authority appears open to easing restrictions, offering a potential regulatory tailwind to adoption in Britain.

This widespread movement mirrors and builds upon earlier corporate Bitcoin trends. As of mid‑2025, nearly 130 publicly traded companies held about $87 billion in Bitcoin, or 3.2 per cent of the total supply, driven by the ‘Bitcoin treasury’ blueprint pioneered by Strategy. Firms including Tesla, Metaplanet, Twenty One Capital, Block, GameStop, and Trump Media & Technology Group have followed suit, deploying equity issuance, bonds, and convertible debt to fund their Bitcoin accumulation.

Analysts also project an enormous potential inflow of corporate capital: Bernstein Research estimates that corporate demand could funnel as much as $330 billion into Bitcoin by 2029, with up to $124 billion attributable to Strategy alone.