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• Kairos-HomeWorld is purpose built for embodied intelligence and represents the first unified framework capable of generating a complete, fully interactive home environment from a single text prompt. Extending indoor scene generation beyond individual rooms, it enables whole-home simulation in which every object is fully manipulable within an integrated simulation engine.
• Kairos-HomeWorld employs a four-stage hierarchical architecture encompassing floorplan generation, 2D-to-3D lifting, recursive refinement, and manipulable object placement. This approach enables the production of globally coherent, physically accurate, and simulation-ready scenes. Each environment contains more than 15 manipulable objects and achieves a Footprint Object Density of 4.16, the highest among compared methods.
• The accompanying open-source dataset is purpose-built for Chinese households, pairing 300,000 real residential floor plans with 5,000 fully furnished, simulation-ready homes and 50,000 physics-enabled interactive object assets. Already deployed in ACE ROBOTICS’ daily robot training, it significantly accelerates the simulation-to-reality transfer cycle.

SHANGHAI, CHINA – Media OutReach Newswire – 5 June 2026 – ACE ROBOTICS, in collaboration with the Multimedia Laboratory at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) and Shenzhen Loop Area Institute, today announced the open-source release of Kairos-HomeWorld, the industry’s first unified World Model framework capable of generating full home-scale, object-level interactive 3D environments from a single text prompt. The solution addresses longstanding limitations in indoor scene generation, which has typically been restricted to single-room outputs with weak global consistency and limited interactivity. Kairos-HomeWorld overcomes these constraints by delivering structurally coherent, physically plausible, and functionally complete residential environments. These high-fidelity, large-scale simulations provide a robust foundation for advancing embodied intelligence applications and accelerating real-world robot training.

The long-term vision for embodied intelligence is the home environment. However, residential settings are inherently diverse and highly personalized, requiring robots to be trained across a broad range of realistic and differentiated scenarios before they can reliably operate in even a single household. High-fidelity simulation offers the most practical pathway to achieving this at scale, yet existing approaches typically involve a trade-off: synthetic environments lack realism, while scanned real-world scenes offer limited interactivity. Kairos-HomeWorld, together with its accompanying dataset, is designed to bridge this gap, delivering both realistic and interactive environments within a unified framework.

A four-stage architecture for whole-home, object-level generation
Conventional approaches to indoor scene generation remain constrained to single-room outputs, often exhibiting weak global consistency, frequent physical inaccuracies, and limited or no interactivity. Kairos-HomeWorld takes a fundamentally different approach. It decomposes whole-home generation into a structured, four-stage process, redefining the underlying architectural paradigm from the ground up.

Stage 1 — Floor Plan Generation. A K-D tree-based approach translates real-world floor plans into a hierarchical text representation that can be efficiently processed by large language models (LLMs). This method mitigates common issues in conventional layout generation, including room overlaps and fragmented topologies, resulting in more coherent and structurally consistent spatial configurations.

Stage 2 — 2D-to-3D Lifting & Furniture Layout Generation. A “top-down global initialization combined with a first-person detail walkthrough” approach anchors the process to the 3D building shell generated in Stage 1. This methodology mitigates the geometric drift commonly associated with conventional 2D-to-3D lifting techniques, enabling more stable and spatially consistent scene generation.

Stage 3 — Recursive Refinement. A fine-tuned vision-language model performs iterative validation and correction, automatically identifying and resolving physical inconsistencies, such as obstructed doorways or object collisions. This recursive process materially reduces spatial errors, achieving among the lowest reported furniture-collision rates in the industry.

Stage 4 — Manipulable Object Placement. A surface-centric placement algorithm assigns each object detailed physical properties, including material composition, density, friction, and structural support relationships. Each generated scene incorporates an average of more than 15 manipulable objects and achieves a Footprint Object Density (FOD) of 4.16, a metric reflecting the concentration of items across furniture surfaces. All objects are natively compatible with simulation engines, enabling direct interaction for tasks such as grasping, movement, and stacking.

The resulting environments move beyond “viewable but not actionable” outputs. Their coherent spatial structure enables seamless, continuous navigation across multiple rooms, while objects embedded with realistic physical properties allow robots to simulate complex household tasks end-to-end. Taken together, this approach addresses key limitations in existing data pipelines, resolving the scarcity of high-quality 3D simulation data, the lack of realism in synthetic environments, and the limited interactivity of scanned scenes within a single unified framework.

The dataset: 300,000 real floor plans, 5,000 fully interactive homes, built for Chinese households
ACE ROBOTICS and CUHK are open-sourcing a dataset of 300,000 structurally annotated residential floor plans, sourced from real-world listings and processed through a multi-stage automated pipeline. The pipeline vectorizes and labels key spatial elements, including door and window positions, room geometry, functional zoning, and connectivity. By comparison, widely used benchmarks such as RPLAN and ResPlan contain approximately 80,000 and 17,000 floor plans, respectively, underscoring the scale and comprehensiveness of the Kairos-HomeWorld dataset.

Building on this foundation, the dataset also includes 5,000 fully furnished residential environments, each featuring a complete furniture layout and an average of more than 15 physics-enabled, manipulable objects, powered by the PhysX-Omni model. All assets are sim-ready and can be directly imported into a simulation engine, enabling immediate use in interactive training scenarios.

Most existing open indoor-scene datasets are centered on North American and European residential formats, typically featuring open-plan kitchens, the absence of service balconies, and layouts and design elements that capture only a narrow segment of global housing. As a result, robots trained on these datasets often exhibit limited transferability when deployed in environments outside their scope. Kairos-HomeWorld ‘s dataset is purpose-built for Chinese households, with deliberate coverage of historically under-represented housing typologies. It spans a wide range of unit sizes, from approximately 30 m² (around 320 sq ft) studio apartments to residences exceeding 200 m² (approximately 2,150 sq ft). The dataset accurately reflects key architectural features common in these settings, including north-south cross-ventilated layouts, enclosed kitchens, dedicated service balconies, wet-and-dry-separated bathrooms, and entryway storage, as well as the irregular room configurations often found in older housing stock.

The dataset is being openly released to both academic and industry communities. Going forward, the team plans to expand its scope to include additional regions, interior styles, and interaction scenarios, further lowering barriers to real-world-ready training for embodied intelligence.

See it in action: one prompt to a fully interactive home
Kairos-HomeWorld runs the full end-to-end pipeline, from initial text input to a fully interactive home environment, delivering global spatial consistency, physical realism, and seamless interactivity from a single prompt.

The system begins with a single-line prompt: “Generate a 90 m² (approximately 970 sq ft) two-bedroom apartment in neo-Chinese style.” Leveraging real floor plan data and its K-D tree representation, Kairos-HomeWorld first constructs an empty spatial layout aligned with real-world living patterns, incorporating cross-ventilation and well-defined functional zoning. Building on this foundation, a hierarchical “global layout plus first-person detail” approach furnishes the environment with stylistic coherence, while a PhysX-Omni rendering pass assigns full physical properties to all surfaces and objects, including articulated behavior, ensuring the scene is fully interactive and sim-ready.

A single natural-language instruction, “tidy the whole home”, is decomposed by the robot into a variety of discrete sub-tasks, executed sequentially along a complete navigation path spanning the living room, bedrooms, kitchen, bathroom, and dining area. The robot recognizes objects, plans efficient routes, and performs precise manipulation tasks, including articulated-object interactions for opening refrigerator and cabinet doors, fluid interactions for pouring laundry detergent, soft-body interactions for drawing curtains, irregular-object interactions for grasping apples, and gravity-based physical interactions for placing snacks.

Conventional simulation environments typically support navigation-focused training in isolation. By contrast, Kairos-HomeWorld integrates globally consistent spatial structures with objects that embody realistic physical properties. This enables robots to interact naturally with more than 15 object types, accurately modeling real-world dynamics such as collision, gravity, and friction, and to rehearse the full lifecycle of complex household tasks entirely within a virtual environment.

Across the industry, the same structural bottleneck, the scarcity of home-scale training data, is being addressed through multiple approaches. For example, Figure AI’s collaboration with Brookfield focuses on collecting human activity data across more than 100,000 residential units. Kairos-HomeWorld addresses this challenge through on-demand synthetic generation, delivering scalable training environments enhanced with object-level physical realism, capabilities that real-world data capture alone cannot fully provide.

In contrast, Kairos-HomeWorld delivers significantly lower costs and higher efficiency for household robot training. Powered by its world model, it can programmatically generate diverse Chinese home simulation scenes and physics-enabled interactive objects at scale.

Robots can complete a full range of household tasks training entirely within the virtual environment. New scene generation incurs near-zero marginal cost, eliminating substantial real-world testing expenses such as site operation and maintenance and furniture damage. Meanwhile, unconstrained by the limited stock of physical residential properties, it outperforms real-world data collection approaches in both training efficiency and scalable expansion.

Kairos-HomeWorld is already deployed in ACE ROBOTICS’ embodied intelligence training workflows, enabling full-pipeline simulation of long-horizon household tasks, including cross-room navigation and multi-room tidying. By allowing robots to rehearse complete task sequences in a virtual environment, the platform significantly shortens the simulation-to-reality transfer cycle. This approach lowers barriers to developing embodied intelligence systems and supports the accelerated, large-scale deployment of home robotics, particularly within the Chinese market. Kairos-HomeWorld is now available on GitHub.Hashtag: #ACEROBOTICS

The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.

About ACE ROBOTICS

Equipping robots with intelligent “brains” and engaging “souls”.

ACE ROBOTICS is a pioneering robotics company dedicated to advancing the field of embodied intelligence. Through breakthrough technological innovations and deep insights into embodied intelligence scenarios, we aim to empower robots with the ability to autonomously understand and explore the physical world, thereby accelerating their commercial implementation.

The company pioneered the ACE R&D paradigm and built a vision-based “environmental data engine, real-world cognition, embodied interaction generalization” technology chain. Using full spatiotemporal and multi-perspective environmental capture as its engine, along with Kairos 3.0 – China’s first open-source and commercially applicable world model – plus the Embodied Foundation Model as its technical backbone, ACE ROBOTICS addresses core industry challenges such as data scarcity, common sense gaps, poor generalization, and limited versatility. Simultaneously, the company unveiled its flagship A1 Embodied Super Brain Module, accelerating the large-scale commercial deployment of embodied intelligence across diverse scenarios.

ACE ROBOTICS is both a technology pioneer and an ecosystem builder. Through strategic cooperation with top hardware manufacturers, cloud service providers, and vertical scenario partners, we have broken through the “model-hardware-scenario” industrial deadlock, providing standardized and customized solutions that are driving the development of China’s embodied intelligence industry.

Over five years, nearly 9,000 teachers and students have participated in the Fair to drive youth engagement in innovation and technology

HONG KONG SAR – Media OutReach Newswire – 4 June 2026 – Organised by the Hong Kong Innovation Foundation (‘HKIF’), the Fifth Hong Kong Science Fair (‘Science Fair’) will take place from 27 to 28 June 2026 at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre. The event will showcase around 120 shortlisted teams from primary and secondary schools across Hong Kong, presenting creative inventions that integrate artificial intelligence with a diverse range of technology applications. With Sino Group as Principal Patron, the Innovation, Technology and Industry Bureau of the HKSAR Government (ITIB) as the Supporting Bureau, and the Hong Kong Council for Testing and Certification (HKCTC) as Strategic Partner, HKIF is also honoured to have, for the first time, invited the Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology in China as an Advisory Organisation. Representatives from the Foundation will attend the award ceremony to witness the announcement of this year’s winning teams. Consistently a major draw for the community, the Science Fair is now open for online registration with free admission, and the public is warmly invited to attend in person.

Following Hong Kong’s first astronaut, Dr Lai Ka-ying, into space, the local innovation and technology ecosystem has attracted even greater attention. This year’s Science Fair has specially incorporated aerospace engineering elements, enabling the public to learn about the daily work and challenges of payload specialists, gain insight into the reality of aerospace research and development, and spark greater interest among young people in space exploration. Dr Lai launched aboard the Shenzhou-23 manned spacecraft and is expected to remain in space for approximately six months to conduct space science experiments and maintenance tasks. Visitors can express their support and encouragement by creating message cards for her. In addition, UBTECH Robotics, a globally leading enterprise in embodied AI robotics, will participate in the exhibition, showcasing multiple humanoid robots and offering visitors the opportunity to experience the appeal of embodied intelligence up close.

Professor Sun Dong, JP, Secretary for Innovation, Technology and Industry of the HKSAR Government, stated: ‘The Hong Kong SAR Government is fully committed to developing Hong Kong into an international innovation and technology (I&T) centre, with talent being a key driver of this growth. Now in its fifth edition, the Hong Kong Science Fair – organised by the Hong Kong Innovation Foundation – has become an annual flagship I&T education event. It offers students a valuable platform to turn their innovative ideas into practice, deepen their interest and confidence in I&T, and help bring I&T into schools and the wider community, thereby fostering a more innovation-friendly atmosphere. I look forward to seeing more young people unleash their potential through this platform, pursue careers in I&T, and contribute to the high-quality development of Hong Kong and our nation.’

Mr Daryl Ng, SBS, JP, Chairman of the Hong Kong Innovation Foundation and Chairman of Sino Group, said ‘Innovation and technology are key to Hong Kong’s long-term sustainable development and are integral to the country’s 15^th Five-Year Plan. It is vital for Hong Kong to strengthen its I&T capabilities and actively contribute to national development, as underscored by the historic moment when Dr Lai Ka-ying became Hong Kong’s first astronaut. We are encouraged to see growing recognition of I&T opening up new opportunities for young people aspiring to pursue scientific research. As the Hong Kong Science Fair enters its fifth edition, its growth has been made possible by the support of the HKSAR Government, industry partners, tertiary institutions, research organisations, and our panels of judges. This year, we are grateful for the guidance and support of the Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology in China. Moving forward, the Science Fair will remain committed to nurturing talent from an early age, bringing together all sectors to promote I&T and inspire more young people to pursue careers in science and technology.’

Professor Anderson Shum, MH, Chairman of Judging Panel, Hong Kong Science Fair, President of The Hong Kong Young Academy of Sciences, said, ‘The Science Fair adopts the format of “integrating competition with exhibition,” enabling students to translate their learning into tangible and verifiable outcomes. This plays an important role in nurturing Hong Kong’s youth I&T ecosystem. I am delighted to have served as a judge for this major event over the years, witnessing students progressively enhance their presentation skills, build confidence, and broaden their horizons through exchanges with experts, participation in workshops and showcasing their work to the public. The standard of participating projects continues to improve each year, with increasing integration of artificial intelligence and diverse technological applications across different fields. Scientific research is a journey that demands passion and perseverance, and the growth of young scientists often begins with curiosity during their primary and secondary school years. Through these exchanges, we hope to leverage the role-model influence of young scientists, inspiring more students to pursue I&T as their lifelong career. I look forward to seeing our younger generation continue to grow and excel in scientific research and innovation, and officially join the community of scientists in the near future to jointly drive Hong Kong’s I&T development.’

Mr Michael Tam, Chief Brand Officer of UBTECH, said, ‘Humanoid robots are among the most promising real-world embodiments of artificial intelligence, reflecting a future in which intelligent systems are deeply integrated with the physical world. As a global pioneer in humanoid robotics, UBTECH has remained at the forefront of innovation for more than 14 years, with a long-standing commitment to I&T education. The company is dedicated to translating advanced technologies into practical, accessible educational resources. Through collaboration with like-minded partners such as the Hong Kong Innovation Foundation, we aim to inspire greater interest and engagement among both teachers and students in humanoid robotics and artificial intelligence. We are committed to supporting the development of Hong Kong’s I&T education ecosystem, helping to nurture future-ready talent and build a strong, sustainable foundation for long-term growth.’

Since its launch in 2021, the Science Fair has attracted participation from over 400 local schools, engaging nearly 9,000 Primary 4 to Secondary 6 students and their teachers. To date, more than 2,200 creative invention submissions have been received and total attendance has exceeded 120,000 visitors. The Science Fair has gradually established itself as a key platform for youth innovation and technology (‘I&T’) exchange and one of Hong Kong’s most representative I&T education initiatives. This year’s response has been enthusiastic, with over 500 project submissions received. Following preliminary judging, around 120 shortlisted teams took part in a series of workshops and mentorship sessions, and will present their projects at the exhibition in late June to compete for top awards. Gold award-winning teams from each category will have the opportunity to participate in the International Exhibition of Inventions Geneva in Switzerland, fostering idea exchange with global I&T talents.

The Hong Kong Science Fair draws tens of thousands of visitors each year. During the exhibition period, the venue will be transformed into a catalyst for city-wide I&T inspiration. In addition to student showcases, five interactive zones will offer hands-on experiences, including DIY bubble bath bomb workshops, freezer-free slushie making, themed games celebrating the Science Fair’s fifth anniversary, and modified remote-controlled cars made from upcycled household appliances, allowing visitors of all ages to explore science and innovation through engaging and enjoyable activities.

• Bulu Bulu Bubble Factory: Blending science with sensory experiences, visitors can mix and mould from scratch to create a delightful ‘bathroom blind box’.
• Shake Shake Ice Factory: Applying the principle of freezing point depression, participants will see how temperature can be rapidly lowered using only salt, ice and water to create personalised slushies — all without a freezer.
• Scan2Play: Scan the QR Code on your phone to join the themed game celebrating the Hong Kong Science Fair’s Fifth Anniversary.
• Racing Homey Kart 2.0: Showcasing the spirit of upcycling and upgrades, visitors can transform old, small household appliances into remote-controlled racing cars and compete on a dedicated track.
• UBTECH Robotics Base: Featuring a wide range of robots, this zone provides a comprehensive showcase of the integration of artificial intelligence with mechanical engineering.

To celebrate the Science Fair’s fifth edition, various special experiences will be introduced. The venue will feature a hidden Science Fair character treasure hunt and check-in activity, through which visitors can redeem curated gifts upon completion. Limited-edition souvenirs, including the ‘HKSF-5 Metal Standee Collection’ and the ‘Special Edition Robo K’ blind boxes, will also be available in limited quantities. All proceeds from the HKSF Bazaar, with no deduction, will go directly to charity to support local community technology initiatives.

The Fifth Hong Kong Science Fair Details:

• Date: 27 to 28 June 2026 (Saturday and Sunday)
• Time: 10:00 am to 6:00 pm
• Venue: Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre, Hall 3FG
• Admission: Free of Charge (Pre-registration online is required)
• Registration Website: https://reghksciencefair.org.hk/public

Photos download: https://shorturl.at/mgawb

Hashtag: #HKIF #ScienceFair

The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.

The shift reflects a sharp change in investor preference after months of underperformance by Hong Kong equities against mainland peers. Mainland investors sold about HK$3.6 billion of Hong Kong shares through the trading links last month, the first monthly net outflow since June 2023 and one of only a small number of monthly selling episodes since the southbound channel became a key route for mainland money into the city’s market.

The move is striking because southbound buying has been one of the strongest supports for Hong Kong stocks over the past year. Mainland funds poured into high-dividend banks, telecoms groups, energy companies and internet platforms during earlier phases of the rally, helping offset caution among global investors. That support is now weakening as domestic funds chase companies tied to AI infrastructure, chips, optical modules, software and computing power.

Onshore AI shares have delivered a stronger performance than Hong Kong’s technology benchmarks this year. The CSI Artificial Intelligence Index has risen sharply, while the Hang Seng Tech Index has lagged, weighed down by concerns over platform margins, heavy spending on AI models and pressure from subsidy battles in e-commerce and online services. The divergence has encouraged active money managers and retail traders to reassess whether Hong Kong-listed internet giants still offer the most attractive exposure to China’s technology story.

The change in flows also comes as Beijing’s industrial policy continues to favour advanced manufacturing, domestic semiconductors, large language models and high-end computing. Companies linked to AI servers, data centres, optical communications, robotics and chip design have become favoured market proxies for China’s effort to reduce dependence on foreign technology. That policy backdrop has helped support valuations even as questions persist over earnings visibility, capital expenditure demands and competition.

Cambricon Technologies, Zhongji Innolight, Kingsoft Office, iFlytek and other mainland-listed technology names have been among the companies watched closely by investors seeking domestic AI exposure. Hong Kong still hosts major technology groups such as Tencent, Alibaba, Baidu, Meituan and Xiaomi, but the market’s heavyweight structure makes it more exposed to mature platform businesses than to the faster-growing AI hardware and infrastructure supply chain favoured by onshore traders.

Hong Kong’s role as a fundraising centre remains intact despite the outflow. The city has continued to attract listings from technology, healthcare, robotics and semiconductor-related companies, while mainland firms still view it as the most practical offshore venue for raising international capital. Several AI and chip-linked companies are preparing or considering Hong Kong share sales, suggesting the city remains central to China’s capital market architecture even as secondary-market money rotates elsewhere.

The weakness in southbound appetite also reflects broader caution over Hong Kong valuations after a strong earlier advance. Investors who bought the market for dividends and policy support are locking in gains while seeking higher-beta opportunities at home. The shift does not necessarily point to a structural rejection of Hong Kong stocks, but it does show that mainland money is becoming more selective after helping drive earlier momentum.

Regulatory pressure on offshore investment channels may also be influencing behaviour. Authorities have tightened scrutiny of unauthorised cross-border trading accounts and offshore brokerage activity, reinforcing the appeal of regulated domestic routes. While Stock Connect remains an approved mechanism, wider efforts to keep capital within supervised channels have added another layer of sensitivity around outbound allocations.

Market analysts say the key question is whether the AI-led onshore rally can broaden beyond a narrow group of highly valued companies. China’s AI supply chain is benefiting from state support, falling model costs and growing enterprise adoption, but investors face risks from crowded positioning, uneven profitability and rapid technological shifts. Several AI-linked companies still trade more on expectations than on proven earnings, leaving the sector vulnerable to volatility if sentiment turns.

Advancing Research Commercialization and Building a Vibrant I&T Ecosystem

HONG KONG SAR – Media OutReach Newswire – 2 June 2026 – The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) today successfully hosted its annual “Unicorn Day,” one of Hong Kong’s flagship innovation and entrepreneurship events. The event brought together over 1,800 participants, including students, faculty, and alumni, as well as international and local government representatives, industry partners, investors, innovation and technology entrepreneurs, and researchers. Participants exchanged insights on strategies to strengthen collaboration across the innovation ecosystem, foster cross-disciplinary partnerships, and accelerate the translation of research outcomes into real-world impact.

The event was officiated by Prof. SUN Dong, Secretary for Innovation, Technology and Industry of the HKSAR Government, alongside consuls-generals and senior officials from countries including Australia, Chile, France, Hungary, India, Japan, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Vietnam, and the United Arab Emirates. They were joined by Prof. Nancy IP, HKUST President; Prof. Lionel NI, HKUST (Guangzhou) President; and Prof. Tim CHENG, HKUST Vice-President for Research and Development; in touring over 100 HKUST-nurtured startups, showcasing innovations and applications spanning areas such as healthcare, electronics, and artificial intelligence systems, as well as new materials, green energy, and sustainability.

Prof. Sun Dong remarked, “Innovation and technology (I&T) has always been at the top of the Hong Kong SAR Government’s agenda. We fully recognise the crucial role of local universities — not only as key partners, but as the bedrock of Hong Kong’s I&T ecosystem. In just three and a half decades, HKUST has risen to become a global powerhouse in deep tech, entrepreneurship, and innovation as demonstrated by its ability to nurture unicorns and deep-tech ventures. Hong Kong is entering a golden era of I&T development. We are building new engines to drive Hong Kong’s high-quality development, focusing on research and development in key fields and leading industry applications. I am confident that Hong Kong will rise as a leading international I&T center and contribute meaningfully to our nation’s high-quality development, and that HKUST will continue to be a driving force in this amazing journey.”

President Ip said, “As we mark the 35th anniversary of HKUST this year, we also celebrate the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship that has long been embedded in our DNA. Both the Technology Transfer Center and the Entrepreneurship Center were established in the University’s early years to support faculty and students in realizing their entrepreneurial aspirations and to promote the translation of research outcomes into practical solutions. Over the past 35 years, the University has forged ahead with determination, sowing the seeds of innovation and yielding remarkable achievements across multiple frontier fields. Today, HKUST continues to broaden its horizons, strategically positioning itself in key domains. One example is medical education. The establishment of the HKUST Medical School will integrate the life sciences with cutting-edge technologies to nurture a new generation of interdisciplinary medical professionals.

Concurrently, HKUST has been actively involved in national initiatives such as the Chang’E 8 lunar exploration mission and research projects for the Tiangong Space Station, and the launch of the first commercially viable aerospace project under the RAISe+ Scheme. These achievements exemplify HKUST’s enduring ‘can do’ spirit over the past decades and echo the theme of today’s event—’From Ideas to Miracles—35 Years of Impact and Beyond’. Looking ahead, HKUST will continue to nurture bold ideas and action, working hand in hand with partners across different sectors to cultivate a vibrant innovation ecosystem, ensuring that research achievements benefit society and create lasting global impact.”

To support startups in expanding into global markets and to promote cross-border collaboration, HKUST introduced an “International Pavilion,” featuring startups and innovation organizations from various countries and regions. Participants from Thailand, Singapore and Korea were among those represented, strengthening connections between Hong Kong, and countries and regions along the Belt and Road in technology application and industry development.

The event also saw the signing of multiple partnership agreements, including six strategic collaborations with:

• GPTX Investment Management Limited
• China Everbright Water Limited
• Jiangsu Daotop Environmental Technology
• Samsung R&D Institute China – Guangzhou
• CalmCar Physical AI Innovation Center
• InnoAngel

to advance talent development and industry–academia integration, and foster innovation-driven research and real-world technology translation.

HKUST’s I&T Strength Driving Economic Growth

In addition, HKUST also released the report Driving Socioeconomic Impact Through Research and Innovation: Insights from HKUST, commissioned by the University and prepared by the international research information analytics organization Elsevier. The report highlights HKUST’s outstanding performance in innovation and entrepreneurship. Over the past five years, research output has recorded an average growth of 10%, approximately 9% higher than that of other local institutions. More than 65% of the research is concentrated in engineering and computer science, while 6.2% involves academia-industry collaboration, significantly higher than the global average of 2.7%. These collaborations have translated into impactful intellectual property, with approximately 1,670 patent applications and 700 grants over the same period, and a high IP utilization rate of above 30%.

Prof. Tim Cheng noted that the findings demonstrate HKUST’s steadily strengthening capabilities in research translation and academia-industry collaboration. HKUST’s publications achieved a Field-Weighted Citation Impact of 4.40, indicating that their citation impact is 4.4 times the global average. This underscores HKUST’s significant contributions to advancing Hong Kong’s socioeconomic development and enhancing its competitiveness in innovation and technology.

In addition, a “Marketplace” was also featured, showcasing products already launched by startups, including AI analytics tools, healthcare technologies, and smart city solutions, demonstrating the progress of translating research into practical applications.

Hashtag: #unicorn #unicornday #HKUST #partnership #innovation #startup #tech #AI #space #robotics #materialscience

The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.

At the center of VinDynamics’ showcases is Dyno, an intelligent humanoid robot designed to serve as a versatile assistant for modern living environments. Equipped with an advanced AI platform and a highly responsive environmental sensing system, Dyno is optimized for security and surveillance applications across urban areas, campuses, and integrated service complexes. The robot is also being developed as a household assistant capable of supporting a wide range of everyday tasks through its flexible arm span and dexterous object manipulation capabilities.

A key highlight at both ICRA 2026 and Computex 2026 is Dyno’s live demonstration as a robotic guide. The humanoid robot was previously piloted at Vinpearl Safari Phu Quoc, one of Vietnam’s largest semi-wildlife conservation parks. Operating in a demanding outdoor environment, Dyno demonstrated natural communication abilities, multilingual narration, and flexible responses to visitors’ questions, delivering a distinctive and engaging guest experience.

The pilot program at Vinpearl Safari showcased Dyno’s adaptability in real-world service scenarios and highlighted the potential of humanoid robots across tourism, hospitality, and customer service applications. Its ability to operate reliably in real-world environments, handle dynamic situations, and interact directly with people represents an important step toward future commercial deployment of humanoid robotics.

At both events, VinDynamics is also presenting a comprehensive robotics technology ecosystem developed by its team of Vietnamese engineers. In addition to the fully-integrated Dyno humanoid robot, the company is showcasing two high-value core components: a specialized actuator system and a robotic hand with internationally-benchmarked dexterity. VinDynamics is also introducing a dedicated AI training dataset optimized for real-world application scenarios.

Mastering the entire humanoid robotics value chain, from hardware to software and from mechanical design to artificial intelligence, stands as clear evidence of the research and development capabilities of Vietnamese engineers. VinDynamics’ efforts also provide a strong foundation for its global expansion strategy and long-term technology partnerships with leading technology corporations, research institutions, and international enterprises in robotics and AI. These initiatives will gradually position humanoid robotics developed by Vietnamese engineers more deeply within the global technology value chain.

Mr. La Manh Hung, Chairman of VinDynamics, said: “The introduction of Dyno at ICRA 2026 and Computex 2026 is not only an important milestone for VinDynamics but also reflects the aspirations of Vietnamese engineers to contribute to one of today’s most advanced technology fields. With the belief that humanoid robots will play an increasingly important role in daily life, VinDynamics is focused on developing practical technologies with people at the center.”

Founded in September 2025, VinDynamics is Vingroup’s pioneering humanoid robotics company, with a vision to develop versatile, human-centric robots capable of seamlessly integrating into everyday life and scaling globally. As the global humanoid robotics market is projected to reach tens of trillions of dollars by 2050, driven by rapid advances in AI, sensors, and automation, VinDynamics’ presence at ICRA 2026 and Computex 2026 further reinforces the pioneering role of Vietnamese enterprises in one of the 21st century’s most strategic technology trends.

Hashtag: #VinDynamics

The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.

About VinDynamics

VinDynamics is a technology company under Vingroup, dedicated to the research, development, and manufacturing of advanced robotics and automation solutions, particularly in the field of humanoid robots. Leveraging cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, mechatronics, and motion control, VinDynamics aims to deliver intelligent, safe, and cost-effective robotic products that enhance productivity and improve quality of life.

Learn more at: https://vindynamics.net/en

Shares in Masayoshi Son’s technology investment group surged in Tokyo trading, lifting its market value to about ¥47.2 trillion, or roughly $296 billion, ahead of Toyota’s ¥45.7 trillion after the carmaker’s stock fell nearly 5 per cent. The move placed SoftBank at the top of Japan’s corporate valuation table for the first time in more than two decades and added momentum to a Nikkei 225 rally that pushed the index above 67,000.

The change is more than a stock-market milestone. It reflects how the AI boom has reshaped capital allocation in Japan, where investors are assigning higher value to companies with exposure to semiconductors, data centres, power infrastructure and generative AI platforms. Toyota remains one of the world’s largest and most profitable carmakers, but its valuation is now being weighed against a slower earnings outlook, tariff pressure, currency swings and the heavy cost of electrification.

SoftBank’s advance has been driven by a powerful combination of portfolio gains and expectations that its AI-linked holdings could generate fresh liquidity. The group’s exposure to Arm, the British chip-design company it took public in 2023, has become a key pillar of its market value. Arm’s technology is used widely across smartphones, cloud computing and increasingly AI-related chips, giving SoftBank a central position in the semiconductor supply chain.

OpenAI has become the second major driver of investor attention. SoftBank has committed tens of billions of dollars to the ChatGPT developer and is positioning itself as a core financier of AI infrastructure. Expectations that OpenAI could move towards a public listing have intensified interest in SoftBank’s asset base, even as analysts continue to debate how much of the group’s valuation depends on private-market pricing and future monetisation.

The latest surge followed SoftBank’s plan to invest up to €75 billion in AI infrastructure in France, including data centres and power-intensive computing capacity. The first phase is expected to involve about €45 billion of investment to build 3.1 gigawatts of capacity by 2031, with further expansion potentially taking the total to 5 gigawatts. The project places France at the centre of Europe’s push to develop sovereign AI infrastructure, helped by its nuclear-heavy power system and available industrial sites.

SoftBank is also moving to create public-market vehicles around AI infrastructure. SB Energy, its power and data-centre platform, is preparing for a potential US listing and has been linked to a valuation above $50 billion. The company is involved in large-scale power projects designed to support AI workloads, including a 1.2-gigawatt data-centre development in Texas. A separate robotics venture, Roze, is also being prepared for a possible listing, highlighting SoftBank’s attempt to build an ecosystem around energy, construction automation and computing capacity.

Toyota’s fall in ranking does not signal operational weakness. The carmaker reported operating income of ¥3.8 trillion for the financial year ended March 2026, supported by vehicle sales and pricing power despite tariff costs and rising expenses. It remains a global force in hybrid technology, production efficiency and supply-chain management. However, investors have become more cautious about its growth outlook as the auto sector faces higher regulatory costs, slower battery-electric vehicle adoption in some markets, and intensifying competition from China-based manufacturers.

The contrast between SoftBank and Toyota captures a broader reordering of Japan’s equity market. AI-linked names, chip suppliers and infrastructure companies are drawing strong inflows, while parts of the auto sector and older industrial groups face questions over margin durability. Kioxia, the memory-chip maker, has also climbed sharply this year, showing how investor enthusiasm has spread beyond SoftBank into companies tied to storage and high-performance computing.

The rally has strengthened the profile of Son, whose investment record has swung between spectacular gains and painful losses. SoftBank’s Vision Fund suffered heavy write-downs after the collapse in technology valuations in 2021 and 2022, while earlier bets such as WeWork damaged confidence in the group’s risk controls. Its comeback has been powered by a more concentrated AI narrative, but that also leaves the shares vulnerable if expectations around OpenAI, Arm or infrastructure listings are revised lower.

The Mach33: Physical AI Fashion Show, held on 28 May at Galaxy Robot Park in Gangdong District, was presented as more than a novelty catwalk. Galaxy Corporation framed the event as an experiment in coexistence, asking how people and robots might share cultural spaces rather than treating humanoids only as factory tools, laboratory platforms or service machines.

Each model appeared with a shorter humanoid counterpart, often wearing matching or complementary outfits. A tasselled blue Texan-style look, complete with a robot-sized cowboy hat, stood alongside retro silver outerwear, silky dresses fitted to rigid frames and space-age black trousers reminiscent of David Bowie’s 1970s stage style. The styling made the mechanical bodies appear less like exposed prototypes and more like performers entering a commercial entertainment format.

Galaxy Corporation founder and chief executive Choi Yong-ho said the company had realised that robots “need to wear clothes” and argued that robots, like people, should have distinct identities. The company designed the outfits and intends to launch them under the MACH 33 name by the end of the year, positioning robot fashion as a potential extension of its entertainment-technology business.

The event followed the opening phase of Galaxy Robot Park, a 16,500-square-metre venue in eastern Seoul designed around robot concerts, interactive shows, robotic portrait drawing, boxing-style demonstrations and visitor experiences. The park is part of Galaxy Corporation’s effort to create a new live-entertainment category built around “physical AI”, a term used to describe artificial intelligence moving from screens and software into embodied machines operating in shared human spaces.

Galaxy Corporation, known for managing cultural figures including G-Dragon, Taemin and actor Song Kang-ho, has been seeking to merge K-pop spectacle with robotics. Its robot performances have included choreographed dance routines, synchronised stage movement and plans for several shows a day. The company has said it wants to stage more than 1,000 robot performances annually and ultimately take robot-led shows beyond South Korea.

The robot models appeared to be Unitree G1 humanoids, a relatively low-cost platform made by Hangzhou-based Unitree Robotics. The G1 is widely used in demonstrations because of its compact size, balance control, range of motion and comparatively accessible pricing for developers and institutions. Its ability to walk, turn, gesture and respond to programmed choreography makes it suitable for controlled performances, though it remains far from a fully autonomous general-purpose worker.

The show also highlighted the gap between polished presentation and engineering reality. Humanoid robots are becoming more agile, but smooth movement in a runway setting still requires careful staging, reliable control systems and predictable conditions. Research into whole-body teleoperation, motion retargeting and autonomous loco-manipulation continues to point to unresolved challenges, including latency, balance recovery, hand dexterity, human-robot interaction and safe operation in crowded public spaces.

For South Korea’s entertainment sector, the Galaxy event fits a broader pattern of experimentation with virtual idols, AI-generated content, immersive fan platforms and digitally enhanced performances. K-pop’s visual emphasis makes it a natural testing ground for robotic spectacle, but the commercial test will be whether audiences view robot performers as compelling cultural products or as temporary curiosities.

Fashion offers Galaxy a softer route into that debate. Unlike industrial robotics, a runway show does not require humanoids to prove productivity. It asks whether machines can be styled, branded and given a visible role in popular culture. The clothes also conceal some of the awkwardness of exposed mechanical frames, making the robots appear less clinical and more theatrical.

The commercial stakes are growing. Forecasts for humanoid robotics vary widely, but major financial institutions and technology analysts expect the sector to expand sharply over the next two decades as costs fall and AI systems improve. Optimistic projections point to hundreds of millions, or even more than a billion, humanoids by 2050, though adoption is expected to move gradually as companies work through safety, reliability, regulation and public acceptance.

The Mach33 Physical AI Fashion Show, staged on May 28 at Galaxy Robot Park in Gangdong District, placed robots in coordinated outfits beside models wearing matching designs. The display was built around a simple proposition from the company: if robots are moving into public spaces, homes, workplaces and entertainment venues, they may also need a visual identity.

Galaxy Corporation, known for linking entertainment with technology, presented the event as more than a novelty performance. Its founder and chief executive, Choi Yong-ho, has described Mach33 as a marker for a “physical AI” era in which technology is no longer confined to screens but appears in bodies that walk, gesture and interact with people. The runway show sought to show that clothing could become part of that transition, shaping how humans perceive machines and how robots fit into social settings.

The event took place inside Galaxy Robot Park, a 16,500-square-metre venue that opened in eastern Seoul on May 5. The park features humanoid robots performing K-pop routines, mock boxing matches, interactive demonstrations and other entertainment formats. The company has positioned the site as a testing ground for robot-led performance, with ambitions that extend beyond Korea into touring shows and global entertainment products.

The fashion show reflected Galaxy Corporation’s broader attempt to build a cultural brand around robotics. The company manages high-profile entertainment names including G-Dragon and Taemin, while also promoting itself as an “enter-tech” business. That combination of pop culture, stagecraft and robotics has helped it attract attention in a field often dominated by industrial automation, warehouse systems and laboratory prototypes.

The robots that appeared on the runway were not presented as replacements for human models, but as co-performers. Their value lay in the spectacle of synchronisation, movement and visual contrast. Matching outfits reduced the distance between human and machine, while the robots’ mechanical gait reminded audiences that the technology still carries limitations. The result was less a conventional fashion presentation than a staged experiment in public acceptance.

The concept also raised practical questions. Robots designed for hotels, retail, care homes, theme parks or public-facing service roles may require clothing that does more than decorate. Garments may need to allow joint movement, protect sensors, signal function, reduce intimidation and make machines more approachable. Fashion for humanoids could therefore become a niche within industrial design, combining textiles, robotics engineering and brand strategy.

Seoul’s robot catwalk arrives as Korea deepens its push into humanoid robotics. The K-Humanoid Alliance, launched in 2025, brought together major companies, universities and research institutes with the aim of strengthening national capability in AI-driven robots by 2030. Samsung Electronics has increased its stake in Rainbow Robotics to 35 per cent, while Hyundai Motor Group has expanded its work with Boston Dynamics and outlined plans tied to large-scale robot production.

Global competition is also intensifying. Tesla’s Optimus, Figure AI’s humanoid systems, Agility Robotics’ Digit and Boston Dynamics’ Atlas have pushed humanoids into investor presentations, factory trials and public demonstrations. The race is no longer limited to whether robots can walk or lift objects. Companies are now trying to define where robots will be commercially useful, how they will be priced, and how people will respond when machines occupy spaces once reserved for human workers and performers.

Fashion may appear peripheral to that contest, but public trust could become a decisive issue. Humanoids must navigate human environments where appearance, motion and social cues matter. A robot dressed for a hospital will need to project cleanliness and calm. A retail robot may need to look welcoming. A performer may need costume, hair, lighting and choreography as carefully planned as any human act.

Galaxy Corporation’s Seoul event leaned heavily into spectacle, but it also exposed the unsettled state of humanoid design. Robots still move with visible constraints, and the emotional connection that human performers build with audiences remains difficult to reproduce. The company’s bet is that entertainment can accelerate familiarity, making robots less alien before they move into other parts of daily life.

Highlights of FY25/26 Results

HONG KONG SAR – Media OutReach Newswire – 28 May 2026 – Johnson Electric Holdings Limited (“Johnson Electric”), a global leader in electric motors and motion subsystems, today announced its results for the twelve months ended 31 March 2026.

Group sales for the 2025/26 financial year were US$3,650 million, an increase of 0.1% compared to the prior year. Net profit attributable to shareholders decreased by 23% to US$202 million or 21.59 US cents per share on a fully diluted basis. Adjusted net profit, excluding the effects of non-cash foreign exchange rate movements, the impairment of intangible assets, restructuring charges, and adverse fair value movements in investments, declined by 13% to US$234 million.

Sales Performance

The Automotive Products Group (“APG”) achieved sales of US$3,054 million, which amounted to 84% of total Group sales. Excluding currency effects, APG’s sales decreased by 3%.

Global automotive industry production volumes increased slightly over the prior year, but growth remains lacklustre in most markets due to affordability concerns and the challenges faced by OEMs and suppliers in adjusting to geopolitical uncertainty, tariff pressures, and the shifting economics of battery electric vehicles that continue to be shaped by the level of government subsidies available to consumers.

APG’s sales are divided broadly equally across the three major geographic regions of demand, but performance over the past year reflected distinct variations in local market conditions, as well as APG’s own mix of OEM customers and the timing of new program launches.

In Asia, the division’s sales declined by 7% on a constant currency basis primarily due to the ongoing erosion in market share held by Sino-foreign joint venture OEM customers in China. APG has continued to win significant new business awards from Chinese domestic OEMs and their suppliers, which now account for the majority of its sales in China. However, the division’s historically large share among joint venture customers has acted as a drag on its recent sales performance that is taking time to reverse. The domestic passenger vehicle market in China itself experienced a sharp slowdown in sales in the first quarter of 2026 due to the phasing out of trade-in subsidies designed to encourage the purchase of electric vehicles.

APG’s sales to the Americas increased by 1% on a constant currency basis in a market that saw total light vehicle production volumes broadly flat. The predominant factor constraining new car sales in North America is cost of living concerns, with many low to middle income car buyers struggling to afford new vehicles that, on average, have increased in price by over 30% since 2020.

In Europe, APG’s sales decreased by 2% on a constant currency basis. The European auto market continues to experience sluggish consumer demand at the same time that OEMs are hampered by excess production capacity and the impact of shifting emissions regulations on their product model line-ups.

APG’s strategy in the context of the varied and unpredictable operating environment for component suppliers is, firstly, to focus on bringing to market innovative motion technologies that enable electrification, reduce emissions, and enhance passenger safety and comfort. Secondly, APG aims to offer its diverse base of customers an unrivalled total cost and value proposition that combines speed, scale, and reliability of production with an adaptable global operating footprint.

The Industry Products Group (“IPG”) achieved sales of US$596 million – an increase of 2% compared to the prior year on a constant currency basis. After three successive years of declining sales, this marks an important return to growth for the division. In more commoditized product application segments, new business development has been redirected towards the rapidly growing base of Chinese manufacturers who are capturing an increasing share of the global market for consumer and commercial hardware goods – particularly for low-priced, entry-level products. In parallel, IPG is focused on supplying motion subsystem solutions to more specialized, higher-growth segments, including humanoid robotics, warehouse automation, medical devices, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, and liquid cooling applications.

Gross Margins and Operating Profitability

The Group’s gross profit of US$840 million, or 23.0% of sales, was essentially flat compared to the prior financial year. Slight increases in production staff costs, depreciation, and raw materials were offset by savings in other production overheads and direct labour.

Reported earnings before interest, tax and amortization (“EBITA”) amounted to US$258 million, a decrease of 22% compared to US$331 million achieved in the prior year. The decline was due to a combination of factors, including higher selling and administrative staff costs and other provisions, an impairment of intangible assets arising from a past acquisition, and reduced other income due to an adverse net change in the fair value of certain investments.

Net Profit and Financial Condition

Net profit attributable to shareholders decreased by 23% to US$202 million or 21.59 US cents per share on a fully diluted basis. Adjusted net profit, excluding the effects of non-cash foreign exchange rate movements, the impairment of intangible assets, restructuring charges, and adverse fair value movements in investments, amounted to US$234 million compared to US$268 million in the prior year.

The Group’s overall financial condition remains robust with a total debt to capital ratio of 10%, an interest coverage ratio of 22 times, and year-end cash reserves of US$902 million.

Dividends

The Board considers it appropriate to recommend maintaining the final dividend of 44 HK cents (5.64 US cents) per share, which together with the interim dividend of 17 HK cents per share, represents a total dividend of 61 HK cents (7.82 US cents) per share.

Chairman’s Comments on the Annual Results and Outlook

Commenting on the annual results for the financial year 2025/26, Dr. Patrick Wang, Chairman and Chief Executive, said, “Operating conditions for global manufacturing businesses during the financial year 2025/26 remained challenging, with end-market demand in most regions subdued and geopolitical events and uncertainties placing upward pressure on input costs.”

Dr. Patrick Wang further commented: “In the face of these headwinds, Johnson Electric maintained its long-standing resilience with sales and gross profit margins both holding up comparatively well. The bottom-line result, however, was negatively impacted by the effects of higher overhead expenses on a flat sales base, adverse net changes in the fair value of investments, and a non-cash intangible assets impairment charge.”

Concerning the near-term financial outlook, Dr. Patrick Wang said: “The global economy demonstrated resilience over the past year, despite the protracted conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the geopolitical shock of tariffs being imposed on US imports of goods from almost all countries. Looking ahead, the unstable and unpredictable conditions for trade and global manufacturing have been made even more precarious by the outbreak of war in the Middle East.”

“Johnson Electric has a long-standing track record in successfully navigating volatile global markets. In the near term, with geopolitical and macro-economic dynamics impossible to forecast with precision, management remains focused on cost control, managing the effects of inflation, and maintaining a prudent financial risk profile.”

“In parallel, however, we are also committed to invest in adapting and scaling our business model to meet strong underlying demand for our motion subsystem solutions in several high-growth end-markets and new product applications. Included among these are: thermal management systems for electric and hybrid vehicles that depend on a combination of water pumps, valves and actuators to support optimal vehicle cabin temperature, extend electric vehicle driving range, and contribute to longer battery life; solid oxide fuel cell power generation systems that are becoming established as an important source of low-emission, on-site electricity supply to AI data centres; and AI-enabled humanoid robots, which are widely viewed as one of the most significant industrial and commercial opportunities over the next ten to twenty years.”

Forward Looking Statements

This news release contains certain forward looking statements with respect to the financial condition, results of operations and business of Johnson Electric and certain plans and objectives of the management of Johnson Electric.

Words such as “outlook”, “expects”, “anticipates”, “intends”, “plans”, “believe”, “estimates”, “projects”, variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward looking statements. Such forward looking statements involve known and unknown risk, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results or performance of Johnson Electric to be materially different from any future results or performance expressed or implied by such forward looking statements. Such forward looking statements are based on numerous assumptions regarding Johnson Electric’s present and future business strategies and the political and economic environment in which Johnson Electric will operate in the future.

Note to Editors and Securities Analysts: The full text of the Annual Results announcement, includingfinancial statements, is available through the Investors section of company’s website at www.johnsonelectric.com
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The issuer is solely responsible for the content of this announcement.

About Johnson Electric Group

At Johnson Electric, our vision is to be the world’s definitive provider of innovation and reliable motion systems.

We are a global leader in electric motors, actuators, motion subsystems and related electro-mechanical components, serving a broad range of industries including Automotive, Liquid Cooling, Robotic Joints, Smart Metering, Business Equipment, Ventilation, Home Automation, Large Appliances, Power Tools, Medical Devices and Lawn & Garden Equipment. The Group is headquartered in Hong Kong and employes over 30,000 individuals in more than 20 countries worldwide. We are listed on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited ( Stock no. 179). For further information, please visit: www.johnsonelectric.com.

Global enterprise AI expenditure is expected to reach about $940 billion in 2026 and climb to roughly $2.1 trillion by 2029, reflecting a shift from experimental deployments to large-scale use across manufacturing, finance, logistics, health care, energy and public services. China is emerging as one of the fastest-expanding markets within that cycle, helped by heavy infrastructure spending, state-backed industrial policy and a corporate race to build domestic alternatives to foreign chips, models and cloud platforms.

The acceleration is no longer confined to model development. China’s AI buildout is moving across the full technology stack, from data centres and accelerators to enterprise software, robotics and agentic systems capable of handling complex workflow tasks. The first phase of the investment wave was dominated by computing power, foundational models and large infrastructure projects. The next phase is being shaped by applied AI, intelligent services and automation across production lines, offices and consumer platforms.

That transition is putting pressure on global rivals. US technology groups still lead in advanced chips, frontier models and hyperscale cloud capacity, but China’s market has advantages in deployment speed, manufacturing depth and policy coordination. Companies including Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu, Huawei and ByteDance are expanding AI services while also trying to reduce dependence on restricted US semiconductor supplies. Alibaba has unveiled a new AI chip through its T-Head unit and is directing tens of billions of dollars into cloud and AI infrastructure over several years. Huawei’s Ascend processors have become central to China’s domestic accelerator strategy as export controls limit access to top-tier Nvidia products.

Infrastructure remains the foundation of the race. Worldwide AI infrastructure spending is on course to exceed $1 trillion by 2029, with accelerated servers accounting for the overwhelming share. China remains the second-largest AI infrastructure market after the US, even though export restrictions have created supply constraints for high-end accelerators. Those restrictions have encouraged domestic chip design, local server ecosystems and more efficient deployment models for inference, where many commercial AI applications run after models have been trained.

China’s data centre expansion is also moving into more specialised formats. AI workloads demand dense computing power, stable electricity supply and advanced cooling, all of which are raising costs and straining grids. Projects near Shanghai and other technology hubs are testing alternative energy and cooling systems, including offshore and renewable-powered facilities. These efforts reflect a broader attempt to manage the energy burden of AI while supporting national ambitions in cloud services, industrial software and smart manufacturing.

Robotics is becoming a central pillar of the spending wave. China already has the world’s largest industrial robot base and is pushing into embodied intelligence, where AI systems are integrated into machines that operate in factories, warehouses, homes and public spaces. Forecasts for China’s robotics market point to rapid expansion over the next five years, with demand coming from electric vehicles, electronics, logistics and elder care. The combination of AI models, sensors, batteries and manufacturing scale gives domestic firms a route to compete internationally beyond software alone.

Policy support is reinforcing corporate investment. Beijing’s “AI Plus” strategy, issued in 2025, aims to embed artificial intelligence across the economy by expanding access to data, compute and talent while promoting open-source ecosystems and industrial adoption. Local governments have added funding programmes, innovation parks and procurement support, creating competition among cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and Hangzhou. That model can accelerate deployment, though it also raises the risk of duplicated capacity, uneven standards and projects driven more by subsidy incentives than commercial demand.

The competitive picture remains mixed. China leads in AI publication volume, citations, patent output and industrial robot installations, while the US continues to produce more frontier models and higher-impact patents. The performance gap between leading US and Chinese models has narrowed, aided by open-source releases and engineering efficiency from Chinese labs. DeepSeek’s breakthrough earlier in the cycle demonstrated that capable systems could be produced with fewer resources than previously assumed, intensifying debate over whether raw spending alone will determine leadership.

The Tokyo-listed investment group has become one of the most closely watched proxies for AI demand after committing tens of billions of dollars to OpenAI and building exposure across chips, power infrastructure, robotics and data-centre supply chains. The latest rally extended a sharp two-session advance that added tens of billions of dollars to SoftBank’s market value, marking one of its strongest runs since the technology boom that first made the group a symbol of risk-taking capital.

Investor enthusiasm has been driven by two linked expectations. OpenAI is preparing for a confidential US initial public offering filing that could set up a listing as early as September, while SB Energy, a power and data-centre infrastructure company backed by SoftBank and OpenAI, has said it intends to confidentially file for a US IPO. Together, the developments have strengthened the market view that SoftBank’s private holdings may be moving closer to public-market price discovery.

SoftBank’s OpenAI position is the main driver of that reassessment. The group has invested $34.6bn in the ChatGPT maker since September 2024 and has agreed to make a further $30bn investment through SoftBank Vision Fund 2. Completion of those tranches would lift its cumulative investment to $64.6bn for an ownership interest of about 13 per cent. The preferred shares are designed to convert automatically into common shares if OpenAI completes an IPO or related listing transaction.

OpenAI’s valuation has become central to SoftBank’s investment case. The company was valued at $852bn in private markets and preliminary discussions around a listing have included the possibility of a valuation as high as $1tn. The company is also seeking to raise at least $60bn at the lower end of earlier discussions, reflecting the huge capital needs of frontier AI model development, data centres, chips and power supply.

The OpenAI bet has already reshaped SoftBank’s earnings profile. The group reported a sharp profit rebound, helped by valuation gains tied to OpenAI, and said cumulative gains on the investment had reached $45bn. Its annual profit of about ¥5tn was described by the company as the highest recorded by a Japanese company, underscoring how quickly Son’s AI strategy has altered investor perceptions after years of scrutiny over the Vision Fund’s uneven performance.

SB Energy has added another layer to the rally because its business sits at the intersection of AI and power infrastructure. Founded in 2019, the company develops large-scale energy and data-centre projects and has positioned itself to benefit from surging electricity demand linked to AI workloads. It has raised more than $18bn in project capital and has a portfolio of about 5 gigawatts of operating and under-construction energy assets.

The company’s January partnership with OpenAI under the Stargate initiative placed it inside a broader push to build AI and energy infrastructure in the United States. That has made SB Energy more than a conventional renewable power developer in the eyes of investors. Its appeal rests on the argument that AI expansion will require dedicated power generation, grid connections and purpose-built campuses capable of supporting high-density computing.

SoftBank’s rally has also been supported by strength in Arm Holdings, the UK chip designer in which the group holds a large stake. Arm remains a key public asset for SoftBank and is viewed as a beneficiary of AI-related semiconductor demand. Gains in Arm shares have helped reinforce confidence that SoftBank owns multiple assets tied to the same structural theme, rather than a single concentrated wager on OpenAI.

The optimism carries risks. OpenAI faces intensifying competition from Alphabet’s Gemini, Anthropic’s Claude and other model developers, while the cost of training and operating advanced AI systems continues to rise. Credit analysts have raised concerns that the size of SoftBank’s OpenAI commitment may affect liquidity and asset quality, particularly as the group uses loans, asset sales and financing backed by holdings such as Arm and SoftBank Corp. to fund its strategy.

SoftBank arranged a $40bn bridge loan in March and drew $20bn in April, largely for the OpenAI investment, while also repaying part of that borrowing. The group has sold stakes in holdings including Nvidia and T-Mobile, issued bonds and considered other financing options as it reallocates capital towards AI. Chief Financial Officer Yoshimitsu Goto has said the group may also explore ways to use its OpenAI assets for financing if market conditions allow.

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