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Exports of gasoline and diesel from India have climbed to multi-year highs in 2025, pushed by expanded refinery output, elevated ethanol blending, and weakening domestic demand during the monsoon season. Analysts expect gasoil shipments to reach 610,000–630,000 barrels per day, according to Wood Mackenzie, while Kpler forecasts hover nearer 560,000 bpd.

Heightened crude processing capacity has enabled major refiners such as Reliance Industries and Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals Ltd to divert more fuel into exports. Gasoline exports are estimated at about 400,000 bpd this year, supported by the country’s adoption of 20 % ethanol blending in petrol—a marked rise from 12 % in 2023.

Much of India’s diesel is now bound for Europe, where supply may tighten later this year due to refinery maintenance across the Middle East and Europe. The shift is occurring as the European Union phases in restrictions on refined petroleum imports derived from Russian crude, which clears the way for alternative sources. In August alone, India’s diesel exports to Europe surged by 137 % year-on-year, reaching 242,000 bpd.

India’s push into export markets is aided by discounts on Russian crude supplied during Western sanctions, allowing refiners to maintain margins even as exports grow. The increase in export volumes comes despite diplomatic criticism from Washington, which questions the use of discounted crude for profit. India asserts that its procurement practices stabilise global fuel markets rather than distort them.

Domestically, the monsoon period has dampened fuel demand, helping free up surplus supply for export. In parallel, Indian refiners have managed fewer unscheduled maintenance shutdowns, keeping plants operating near capacity. Wood Mackenzie anticipates India’s crude processing will increase by 130,000 to 160,000 bpd in 2025, reaching around 5.51 million bpd.

The higher share of ethanol in petrol has been key to redirecting conventional fuel toward exports. As of August, India achieved a 19.8 % ethanol blend—putting the country on track for its 20 % target. To facilitate further expansion of cleaner fuels, the Directorate General of Foreign Trade has also authorised exports of second-generation ethanol, subject to certification and authorisation.

Europe’s transition away from Russian-derived refined products leaves a strategic opening for India. Saudi Arabia’s refined product shipments are projected to dip by about 300,000 bpd in October–November due to maintenance of several Aramco plants, creating additional export opportunities for Indian producers.

Yet the surge is not without complexity. In April 2025, India’s diesel exports hit their lowest point in over a decade, dropping to an estimated 1.15 million metric tons amid refinery maintenance at the Jamnagar complex. That earlier slump underscores the delicate balance between sustaining export momentum and managing domestic operations.

Simultaneously, India is also redirecting surplus rice stocks toward ethanol production to bolster blending targets. The government has allocated 5.2 million metric tons of rice for biofuel conversion—a move that helps ease pressure on grain reserves while reinforcing fuel strategy.

Binghatti Holding Limited has appointed a slate of banks to lead its first USD Reg S senior unsecured three-year green sukuk under its $1.5 billion Trust Certificate Issuance Programme. The developer, rated Ba3 by Moody’s and BB- by Fitch with both outlooks stable, has kick-started global investor calls and fixed income meetings. The mandate names Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank, Dubai Islamic Bank, Emirates NBD Capital, JP Morgan and Mashreq as Joint Global Coordinators; Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank, Ajman Bank, Arqaam Capital, Crédit Agricole CIB, First Abu Dhabi Bank, RAKBANK, Sharjah Islamic Bank and Warba Bank will act as Joint Lead Managers and Joint Bookrunners.

The green structuring is overseen solely by Mashreq, with DNV, based in Oslo, providing the Second Party Opinion on Binghatti’s Green Financing Framework. The issuance will make use of Binghatti Sukuk 2 SPC Limited under its wider Trust Certificate Issuance Programme.

Binghatti’s credit profile strengthened earlier this year when Moody’s assigned it its first ever corporate family rating of Ba3 with a stable outlook, citing its strong market position in Dubai’s luxury real estate sector, a vertically integrated model, low leverage, strong liquidity and disciplined cost controls. Shortly after, Fitch upgraded its long-term issuer default rating to BB- from B+, also citing its resilient growth, liquidity position and ability to self-fund projects through internal cash flows.

The developer’s previous sukuk issued under the same Programme—a five-year senior unsecured benchmark in August—was priced at a profit rate of 8.125%. That issuance attracted over USD 2.5 billion of orders, making it oversubscribed about five times and confirming significant demand from global and regional investors. That sukuk was dual listed on the London Stock Exchange and Nasdaq Dubai.

United Arab Emirates holds between 40 and 45 per cent share of the Middle East and Africa space market, which is estimated at US$18 billion, according to a report from the Boston Consulting Group. The UAE invested approximately US$443 million in civil space activities in 2024—nearly half of all government space spending across MEA.

Saudi Arabia and Qatar follow with civil space investments of about US$220 million each. Saudi Arabia accounts for an estimated 20–25 per cent of MEA government space spending, while Qatar contributes about 5 per cent.

Downstream services—such as satellite communications, navigation, and Earth observation—comprise roughly 70 per cent of the global space industry. The UAE is positioned to capture more than half of the downstream services market within MEA, while Saudi Arabia aims for over 20 per cent. Qatar’s role remains modest in downstream services, at just under 5 per cent.

All three countries are expected to grow at or above the global space economy’s compound annual growth rate of 5 per cent through 2033.

The report identifies several flagship programmes in the UAE—MBZ-SAT, the Hope Probe, and Arab 813—that are likely to generate returns of roughly 3-4 times the investment. These initiatives illustrate how long-term strategic planning, public-private partnerships, risk-tolerant policy frameworks, and global cooperation are central to the UAE’s leadership in the sector.

Saudi Arabia is expanding its international partnerships, including with NASA and Axiom, while Qatar’s Es’hailSat is strengthening its role in regional satellite communications. Digital policy integration—especially in satellite broadband, low Earth orbit constellations, and Earth observation—is emerging as a key success factor.

Boston Consulting Group’s latest analysis shows that the UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar are at the heart of civil space investment across MEA. The UAE led with roughly $443 million committed for civil space in 2024, capturing nearly half of governmental spending in the region. Saudi Arabia and Qatar followed with approximately $220 million each.

The report highlights downstream services—satellite communications, earth observation—as the fastest-growing segments. UAE is projected to grab over 50 per cent of that downstream services market, while Saudi Arabia is set to hold over 20 per cent, and Qatar remains just under 5 per cent.

In the upstream sphere, where spacecraft design, launch facilities, and ground operations are concentrated, the Gulf countries are boosting capacity. Saudi Arabia has stepped up partnerships with foreign agencies such as NASA and commercial firms like Axiom, and domestic players including Neo Space Group are increasingly involved. Qatar’s Es’hailSat is cited as a key actor in satellite communications. The UAE’s Hope Mars Probe is named as an example of both international cooperation and technical achievement.

Growth rates projected through to 2033 are in line with, or exceed, the expected global compound annual growth rate for the space economy, which BCG estimates at about 5 per cent. Analysts point to policy support, institutional frameworks, public-private partnerships, and investment in human capital as enablers.

Opportunities in downstream services are being amplified by trends in artificial intelligence and cloud computing. These are reshaping data collection, processing and applications for earth sensing, environmental monitoring, agritech, and disaster response. The Gulf states are working to consolidate their roles not only as financiers but as centres of innovation and regional service provision.

The report also situates the MEA region’s space efforts within broader economic diversification agendas, particularly in the Gulf. For the UAE, Saudi Arabia and Qatar, space is not merely symbolic ambition but a sector being leveraged to build scientific ecosystems, boost high-tech employment and attract international collaboration.

The new connectivity will enable AD Ports to introduce advanced tools such as real-time vessel tracking, predictive maintenance, dynamic route optimisation and automated cargo tracking. At sea, such applications are expected to aid smarter voyage planning, improved fuel efficiency and heightened safety monitoring—capabilities previously constrained by intermittent connections or high latency.

On land, the LEO backbone will support terminal operations by ensuring resilient communication even in remote or critical locations. It is set to enhance cargo monitoring, streamline emergency response coordination and boost business continuity during high-demand operations or network disruptions. Integration with existing Internet of Things sensors, smart port platforms and artificial intelligence analytics will underpin these improvements.

Mohamed Jamal-Eddine, Chief Information Officer at AD Ports Group, stated that this step lays the foundation for “a smart, resilient infrastructure” capable of supporting continuous operations even under challenging conditions. He emphasised that connectivity is not solely about speed but about enabling constant visibility and control across the supply chain.

Importantly, the rollout aims to deliver operational savings. With enhanced connectivity, the company expects reductions in fuel consumption via optimised routing, lower maintenance costs due to predictive modelling, and fewer delays linked to communication failures. These gains form part of a broader agenda of digital transformation already underway at AD Ports, which includes smart port platforms and integrated supply chain systems.

While the service providers involved remain unnamed, the agreements point to AD Ports Group’s strategy to secure multiple vendor relationships to ensure redundancy and avoid single points of failure. The phased model also allows for company-led pilots on select vessels before full fleet implementation.

Analysts observing maritime and logistics industries interpret this move as part of a larger trend: ports and shipping companies are increasingly adopting LEO and other satellite-based technologies to overcome gaps in connectivity, particularly in less accessible sea routes and remote terminal locations. Such capabilities are seen as essential for the adoption of automation, green technologies, and stringent environmental regulations requiring greater transparency in operations.

Abu Dhabi’s Hub71 has forged a strengthened alliance with the Japan External Trade Organization aimed at building deeper cross-border innovation, particularly in Web3, AI, spatial intelligence and sustainable tech sectors. Hub71 used its presence at Tokyo’s WebX and the Blockchain Leaders Summit to push forward new collaboration programmes and investment pathways.

At these events, Hub71 spotlighted a number of startups from Abu Dhabi—among them bitgrit, xMap, Aqua Development, Chainsight, Nodeshift, Bit2Me and 1Money—making connections with Japanese investors, corporate entities and ecosystem partners. The showcasing was closely aligned with Japan’s innovation priorities, including governance in blockchain and sustainable water solutions.

Key to the partnership is the launch of the J-StarX Programme, developed jointly by Hub71, JETRO and Elixir Capital, which will host seven Japanese Web3 startups in Abu Dhabi to facilitate scale-ups, market access, and ecosystem integration. Entrepreneurs in this programme will benefit from capital, mentoring, regulatory guidance and networking in the UAE’s tech environment.

Hub71 also assumed title-sponsorship of the Blockchain Leaders Summit in Tokyo, delivering the opening keynote. Executives emphasised the UAE’s position as an enabling region for innovators seeking overseas expansion, and positioned Abu Dhabi as a gateway for startups to penetrate Asia on one side and Middle East markets on the other.

Peter Abou Hachem, Head of Growth and Strategy at Hub71, stated that the collaboration underscores “the value of global connectivity”, and that Japan’s leadership in Web3 and innovation aligns with Hub71’s mission. He noted that through partners like JETRO, both ecosystems can unlock opportunities in market reach, talent exchange and frontier technologies.