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Eight Democratic senators, led by Adam Schiff of California, have formally asked Steve Witkoff—the U. S. Special Envoy to the Middle East—for detailed explanations regarding his continued involvement with crypto assets tied to World Liberty Financial, a venture he co-founded with the family of Donald Trump. The lawmakers’ letter highlights potential conflicts of interest stemming from Witkoff’s dual role as a diplomat and investor.

Their concerns centre on Witkoff’s asset disclosures, which indicate he still holds stakes in entities tied to World Liberty and other crypto businesses as of his 13 August 2025 financial report. The senators press him to clarify whether he has divested these holdings, whether he has obtained ethics waivers, and whether his official capacities have overlapped with personal financial interests.

World Liberty Financial launched the stable-coin USD1, and in May 2025 a firm linked to the Abu Dhabi sovereign investment arm reportedly committed around US$2 billion to the venture. The same Gulf-state entity is connected to high-level U. S. export approvals of advanced semiconductor chips, a situation that lawmakers see as raising grave ethical questions.

Witkoff, a New York real-estate magnate and longtime Trump associate, was appointed envoy in early 2025 despite limited experience in diplomacy. While his defenders say he has taken steps to divest and comply with regulation, critics say he remains financially tied to ventures that stand to benefit from his government role. The administration has signalled it is reviewing his disclosures and ethics compliance.

In their letter, the senators request responses to seven key questions by 31 October 2025. They ask how Witkoff could sell off a real-estate holding of about US$120 million while retaining crypto interests; whether he or his family hold additional digital assets beyond those disclosed; when he divested, if at all; whether he holds any interests in Trump-family business ventures; whether he has obtained ethics guidance from the U. S. Office of Government Ethics; and whether any waiver was granted allowing him to participate in matters in which he had a financial interest.

Separately, lawmakers highlight the chronology of events: after World Liberty received the Gulf-state investment commitment, the White House approved export of advanced U. S. chips to the United Arab Emirates—raising the appearance of intertwined public and private interests. Ethics experts say this conflation of diplomacy and private profit may run afoul of federal rules under 18 U. S. C. § 208 and the constitutional emoluments clause, which bars public officials from participating in matters in which they have a financial interest.

Riyadh is advancing its push into artificial intelligence, sidestepping some of the previous fanfare around the massive urban-megaproject Neom, and signalling a new strategic pivot by its sovereign wealth arm Public Investment Fund. The fund is repositioning to attract global AI investment, deepen partnerships with major tech players and harness data-centre infrastructure at scale.

The kingdom’s leadership is steering resources away from grand construction ambitions to technology-driven growth. The newly formed Humain — a PIF-backed AI company — was launched in May with the mission of establishing Saudi Arabia as a global hub for AI. The firm plans to build advanced data centres, cloud services and one of the world’s most powerful Arabic large-language models.

Strategic deals have followed. U. S. chip-maker Nvidia has agreed to ship some 18,000 Blackwell chips to Saudi Arabia to support a 500-megawatt data-centre facility coordinated by Humain. PIF and international analysts say the move reflects a shift in focus: less emphasis on sprawling “giga-projects” of construction, more on the digital-infrastructure layer that underpins a future knowledge-economy.

Globally, transformative AI applications — from generative-AI language models to edge computing in industries — require vast compute power, energy and state coordination. PIF’s governor Yasir Al‑Rumayyan has said the kingdom is well-placed, given its energy resources and large-scale capital, to become a “hub outside the U. S.” for AI development. Analysts suggest the pivot acknowledges market realities: mega-cities like Neom have proved slower to materialise than envisaged, while digital-economy bets offer faster, more measurable returns.

The megacity Neom and its flagship component – The Line – have faced scepticism over timelines, cost-overruns and foreign investor pull-back. Executive reshuffles in Neom’s leadership and recalibrated investment priorities have signalled the shift. Meanwhile, PIF has begun trimming the proportion of its portfolio allocated to global investments — moving foreign-allocation toward 18 per cent from previous targets — to double-down on domestic strategic sectors like AI.

The investment case for Saudi Arabia is sizeable. Humain aims to tap into the Arab-language market of over 450 million people, while deploying data-centre capacity measured in gigawatts. Academic and industry voices say the kingdom has already built one of the strongest AI-ready physical infrastructures in the Middle East: multiple super-computers, data centres and training programmes are in motion. On the human-capital front, programmes to train 20,000 data/AI experts by 2030 are underway through partnerships with international firms such as Microsoft, Accenture and Huawei Technologies.

For global tech firms and investors, Saudi Arabia’s offer now centres around “sovereign AI infrastructure” rather than purely construction or real-estate play. The deal with Nvidia is seen as precedent-setting: Nvidia’s CEO told reporters that AI infrastructure is “essential infrastructure” akin to power and internet. Moreover, the shift aligns with the kingdom’s broader strategic framework Vision 2030 — which seeks to reduce oil-dependence and build a diversified economy.

Nevertheless, risks remain. Observers caution that the AI ambition is spectacular in scale yet faces operational and regulatory challenges — from data-governance to talent retention and ideological scrutiny. The push may also attract geopolitical scrutiny given the involvement of U. S. technology in Saudi infrastructure. The earlier mega-project model illustrates how bold vision can be slowed by delivery hurdles.

Global investment bank Goldman Sachs has secured the richest place in regional mergers and acquisitions activity in the Middle East and North Africa market, advising on 24 deals worth a combined US$104 billion in the first nine months of 2025, according to data from LSEG Deals Intelligence. The firm’s Co-head of Investment Banking for the Middle East & North Africa, Jassim AlSane, said the growth was driven by “national champions … with significant growth objectives” and government-backed strategies.

M&A volumes across the region have picked up substantially, supported by sovereign backing and major consolidation efforts. According to LSEG’s broader MENA investment banking review, M&A activity hit US$66.4 billion in the first quarter alone, illustrating a robust trajectory for the region. The strong performance underscores an increasingly active market for deals even amid global macro-economic headwinds.

Goldman’s dominance emerged as national-champion companies in the Gulf co-led big transactions. These firms often benefit from state support and predefined strategic mandates that accelerate investment decisions. AlSane highlighted that the top-10 deals for the firm in the region were “underpinned by an approved strategy” and “government-backed,” signalling a close alignment between private investment banks and states seeking large-scale diversification.

Key sectors powering the deal flow include energy-transition assets, infrastructure, and digital platforms. Observers note that the MENA region is embracing its role as a growth frontier for capital deployment, leveraging both private and sovereign funds to consolidate industries and build scale quickly. In particular, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates continue to push forward national frameworks that incentivise large transactions.

Despite the gains, the environment is not without uncertainty. Globally, deal volume has not uniformly increased — while deal value is up, the overall number of transactions in certain markets remains flat or declining. In the MENA context, some deals have faced delays or regulatory hurdles associated with cross‐border scrutiny and the need for state coordination. Critics argue that heavy reliance on government-backed mandates may reduce private-sector initiative and create hurdles in negotiation and valuation.

Goldman’s rise in the region also reflects wider trends in global investment banking. The firm posted a 42 per cent jump in investment-banking fees in the third quarter of 2025, citing advisory revenue jolts of 60 per cent year-on-year. While that data is global rather than specifically MENA-focused, it indicates that investment banking hunger for strategic transactions is rising and Goldman is benefiting. These elevated fee levels are the highest the firm has seen in years and point to a structural shift in deal-making dynamics.

Dubai-based Emirates NBD PJSC is poised to acquire a 60 per cent stake in India’s RBL Bank via a $3 billion investment, marking the largest foreign direct investment ever recorded in India’s banking sector. The move, announced on 18 October 2025, is structured through a preferential share issuance of up to 959.04 million shares at ₹280 each and is subject to regulatory approvals.

RBL Bank’s management expects the deal to close within five to eight months, positioning the infusion within the current financial year, according to statements made by the lender’s leadership. Emirates NBD will assume promoter status at RBL, gaining board-nomination rights and solidifying its long-term presence in the Indian market.

The deal comes as India’s financial sector registers a surge in cross-border deals, with total deal-value reaching approximately $8 billion from January to September 2025—a 127 per cent increase over the same period last year. For its part, RBL Bank, a private lender headquartered in Mumbai with assets estimated at ₹1.46 trillion and a customer base of over 15 million, will benefit from the capital uplift and expanded ecosystem access.

Emirates NBD’s group chief executive, Shayne Nelson, said the investment underscores the bank’s confidence in India’s financial services growth trajectory and reflects its ambition to leverage RBL’s domestic franchise alongside Emirates NBD’s regional reach. RBL’s managing director & CEO, R Subramaniakumar, described the alliance as providing “an enormous opportunity” to move from mid-sized to large-bank status in India, reinforcing its ambitions to enter wealth management and strengthen corporate and retail lending.

Under the terms of the agreement, Emirates NBD will first subscribe to a preferential issue up to 60 per cent of RBL Bank, and then launch a mandatory open offer to public shareholders of up to 26 per cent at the same ₹280 per share price. The final stake will depend on maximum permissible foreign-investment limits and minimum public shareholding norms. The Indian regulatory framework allows up to 74 per cent foreign investment in private banks, but typically limits individual foreign investors to a maximum of 15 per cent unless an exemption is granted by the Reserve Bank of India, which is reported to have given informal backing to the deal.

Analysts say the deal is transformative for both parties: RBL stands to enhance its capital adequacy ratio—projected around 40 per cent post-transaction—and may scale up its corporate banking, digital payments and branch network expansion, tapping into ties between India and the Middle East. For Emirates NBD, the acquisition consolidates its Indian market access and complements its existing footprint in the Middle East, North Africa and Turkey.

Challenges remain. The transaction is subject to regulatory approvals in India and requires compliance with public-shareholding rules, which could complicate the open-offer structure. In addition, RBL has grappled with governance concerns in the past—its former CEO stepped down abruptly in 2021 following regulatory scrutiny—which means integrating under a foreign majority owner will require careful management of culture, controls and strategic alignment.

Observers suggest the deal may set a precedent for greater foreign involvement in India’s mid-sized banking sector, with implications for capital flows, market consolidation and competition. Brokers in Mumbai noted that the infusion of “confidence capital” into RBL could unlock higher credit growth and improve investor perception of the Indian private-banking sector. Meanwhile, the broader wave of cross-border activity, including Japanese and UAE groups entering Indian banks, highlights the shifting dynamics of the India-Middle East-Europe economic corridor.

Merchandise exports rose to USD 220.12 billion in the six-month period ending September, an uptick of 3.02 per cent compared with the equivalent span of the prior year, while imports climbed by 4.53 per cent to USD 375.11 billion, resulting in a trade deficit of USD 154.99 billion.

A key facet of this performance is that exports to 24 nations recorded growth, underscoring a push by Indian exporters to diversify markets beyond traditional strongholds. These countries span regions from the Middle East and Southeast Asia to Africa and Latin America, and collectively accounted for USD 129.3 billion, or 59 per cent of the country’s total exports in the period.

Despite this diversification, exports to the United States — one of the largest destination markets — slipped in September as tariffs imposed by Washington weighed on certain sectors. For the month, shipments to the US declined by 11.93 per cent to USD 5.46 billion.

Those opposing movements such as exporters point to the 50 per cent tariff introduced by the US on Indian goods from late August. The exports community says that while growth is evident in alternative geographies including Africa, Latin America and the Middle East, the US tariff climate remains a drag.

Within the group of 24 countries that posted export growth are the UAE, Germany, Vietnam, Mexico, Russia, Kenya, Nigeria, Canada, Poland, Sri Lanka, Oman, Thailand, Bangladesh, Brazil, Belgium, Italy and Tanzania, among others.

At the same time, exports to 16 other countries recorded negative growth, representing roughly USD 60.3 billion or about 27 per cent of total exports in the period. This reveals that while diversification is under way, certain destination markets continue to deliver weak outcomes.

Industry observers suggest that the strategic reorientation of markets has been accelerated by external pressures such as protectionist measures in key markets and supply-chain disruptions across sectors. One exporter noted: “The trend will continue in the coming months as well.”

Meanwhile, the Government of India is engaging on multiple fronts to sustain export momentum. Officials from the commerce ministry signalled that structural steps will be needed to strengthen manufacturing competitiveness and integrate India more deeply into global value chains. They pointed to raw‐material bottlenecks and high logistics costs among the constraints.

In parallel, trade discussions with the US are underway, aimed at reducing friction caused by duties and exploring possibilities for energy-and-goods cooperation. For instance, US officials have raised concerns over Indian imports of Russian oil and bilateral trade.

Another trend shaping export performance is the push into manufacturing sectors aligned with global demand shifts. The electronics and mobile-phone export segment, for example, has delivered strong growth: exports in certain months surged by as much as 39-60 per cent in year-on-year terms, signalling India’s growing role as a manufacturing hub for global brands.

On the import side, the widening of the trade deficit is partly explained by rising inbound shipments of gold, silver and crude oil, ahead of domestic demand spikes and festival season pickup. These pressure points reflect larger global cost dynamics rather than domestic export weakness per se.

Export diversification is also being viewed as a risk-mitigation strategy. The weakening of certain traditional markets combined with tariff exposure in the US has underscored the importance of broadening the destination base. Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia are emerging as focal regions.

Manufacturers and trade bodies emphasise that sustaining this diversification will require improving logistics efficiency, deepening downstream processing, upgrading product quality and securing better access via trade agreements and export-promotion schemes.

For exporters that achieved growth in the 24-country set, end-markets include consumer goods, engineering exports, pharmaceuticals, agro-products and electronics. Their performance demonstrates the incremental success of strategic investment and policy alignment.

Still, the fact that over a quarter of export value was derived from countries with declining shipments signals a dual challenge. Growth pockets exist, but structural weaknesses and external dependencies remain persistent obstacles.

Riyadh — The inaugural edition of FIBO Arabia drew a total of 12,399 participants from regional and international markets to the three-day expo at the Riyadh Front Exhibition & Conference Center, signalling a notable step in Saudi Arabia’s push to define itself as a wellness and fitness hub in the Middle East.

The event, held under the theme “For a Strong and Healthy Society” and aligned with the kingdom’s Vision 2030 agenda, was conducted under the strategic partnership of the Ministry of Investment, the Ministry of Sport and the Ministry of Health. More than 80 exhibitors from around 18 countries participated, while attendees were presented with more than 50 industry-leading speakers across live arenas and conference forums.

One of the centre-piece announcements was the launch of the first Fitness Sector Development Report for the Kingdom, spearheaded by the Ministry of Sport in collaboration with advisory firm CAA Portas. The report projects the domestic fitness industry could expand to a value of SAR 15.5 billion by 2030, driven by policy reforms, investor interest and a growing consumer base.

International brands such as Technogym, Life Fitness, Keiser Corporation and Therabody featured in the line-up, underscoring the global interest in the kingdom’s wellness market. The conference programme included global fitness strategist Herman Rutgers and Morgan Stanley’s Alexey Naumov among its headline speakers.

Speakers and industry insiders described the event as a sign that the Gulf region is moving into a higher gear in terms of wellness infrastructure, investment and consumer engagement. “The success of FIBO Arabia’s inaugural edition reflects both the strength of Saudi Arabia’s wellness economy and the appetite for innovation, collaboration and growth across the industry,” said Vasyl Zhygalo, Managing Director of RX Middle East and Emerging Markets.

A particularly prominent feature of the expo was its emphasis on inclusivity and community participation. Female-led sessions and anecdotes of women athletes such as Nelly Attar — recognised as the first Arab woman to climb K2 — and Saudi fitness professional Rawan Al Saadi featured in discussions on access, empowerment and facility design. Meanwhile, event organisers hosted a variety of live arenas: a Performance Arena, a Strength Arena, a Tech Arena, a Calisthenics Arena, and a Group Fitness Arena powered by Les Mills.

Business-to-business networking and investment matchmaking were core to the strategy. The ecosystem included gym operators, wellness technology firms, nutrition solution providers and investors seeking access to opportunities in the region. One panel commented on how the kingdom’s younger demographic, rising female participation, and regulatory support combine to make the market appealing. The Fitness Sector Development Report cites private-sector expansion and policy reform among the key growth drivers.

Notably, the event’s timing and format reflect a regional pivot from traditional oil-led growth toward wellness, lifestyle and economy diversification. Saudi Arabia’s commitment to developing its ecosystem was underscored through both government support and the presence of global industry players. Industry experts observed that the applied technology, live experiences and cross-border brand involvement distinguish FIBO Arabia from earlier regional trade shows in the fitness sector.

Visitor figures of 12,399 set a baseline for the event’s future editions. The organisers have already announced that FIBO Arabia will return to the same venue from 29 September to 1 October 2026.

Apparel Group and Arabian Alesaar Group have struck a retail alliance to introduce 24 international brands across more than 9,000 sqm at the forthcoming Al Shubaily Grand Mall in Saudi Arabia. The agreement positions the partners to capture demand in one of the region’s fastest-growing markets and expands Apparel Group’s strategic footprint in the Kingdom.

Under the partnership, Apparel Group will bring a mix of fashion, lifestyle, beauty and F&B brands including Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, Birkenstock, Skechers, Crocs, Levi’s, Charles & Keith, Rituals, Tim Hortons, and Cold Stone Creamery among others. The range spans apparel, footwear, beauty and food & beverage, combining merchandise that appeals across categories. The deal is intended to dovetail with Saudi Arabia’s retail and tourism ambitions.

Apparel Group already has a significant presence in the Kingdom. It recently opened three new R&B outlets in Dhahran, Riyadh Gallery and Nakheel Mall — bringing the total number of R&B stores to 165 across the Middle East and India. The Nakheel location covers 2,500 sqm, making it one of the largest in Riyadh. The R&B concept covers men’s, women’s and children’s wear, footwear, accessories and home products. The expansion underscores the group’s goal of penetrating deeper into the Saudi market.

Chief Executive Officer Neeraj Teckchandani commented that the tie-up with Arabian Alesaar represents a strategic milestone in the group’s Saudi journey and will enable customers to engage with brands that combine global appeal with local relevance. He reiterated that Apparel Group is prioritising experiential retail, mall partnerships and omnichannel integration in its growth plan.

Market watchers see the deal as aligned with the accelerating growth of Saudi retail infrastructure. Analysts note that more than 30 new malls are in development across the Kingdom over the next few years, creating opportunities for global retail brands and investors. Apparel Group has earlier signed MoUs with mall developers such as Point and Mall of Dhahran to secure anchoring positions in new properties.

The partnership also reflects Apparel Group’s broader regional expansion strategy. The group now operates over 2,300 stores across 14 countries, representing more than 85 brands. It has been actively signing new labels in fashion, beauty, home and F&B segments to diversify its portfolio and diminish reliance on any single category.

Astra Nova has secured USD 48.3 million in a funding round aimed at accelerating its development of no-code, AI-driven tools for creators in the Web3 entertainment space. The capital will bolster expansion into new regions and deepen integrations among its ecosystem of mini-apps, games and community tools.

The bulk of the funding, approximately USD 41.6 million, came through a strategic investment round, building on prior backing from firms including Outlier Ventures and Middle East family offices. Astra Nova intends to deploy the funds toward global scaling, regulatory readiness and product enhancements.

Astra Nova’s core proposition rests on TokenPlay AI, a platform that enables creators to launch blockchain-enabled micro-apps without writing code. Powered by Alibaba Cloud infrastructure, it is designed to let developers spin up interactive communities and gamified utilities rapidly. In addition, Astra Nova operates NovaToon, Deviants: Fight Club, and BlackPass, all of which already draw user traction.

Crucially, major brands are integrating with Astra Nova ahead of its token launch. Shiba Inu, one of the most active crypto communities, is deploying mini-apps through TokenPlay AI, and the Simon’s Cat IP is also building live integrations. These are not mere announcements: the integrations are functional and active, driving transaction volume even before the token is fully in circulation.

Astra Nova’s native token, $RVV, is scheduled for issuance on 18 October. The token is intended as the foundational utility currency within the ecosystem, underpinning in-app upgrades, advertising, subscriptions, and community incentives. Transaction fees from ecosystem activity are programmed to trigger buybacks of $RVV, creating a feedback loop to support tokenomics.

Backing for the project includes strategic support from NEOM, NVIDIA’s Inception programme, and Alibaba Cloud. NVIDIA’s involvement is particularly significant: it provides access to GPU and AI computing capabilities that are critical to Astra Nova’s adaptive storytelling and intelligent NPC infrastructure. Alibaba Cloud offers global infrastructure scale, while NEOM’s partnership underscores sovereign interest in aligning the startup with Saudi Arabia’s broader AI and tech ambitions.

Astra Nova’s metrics already indicate early scale: the company claims more than 250,000 creators on its waitlist for TokenPlay AI, cumulative user reach across its live products exceeding 500,000, and 200,000 daily active users across the ecosystem. The ARPG built on Unreal Engine 5 has surpassed 100,000 playtest downloads, reinforcing early demand and user engagement.

Analysts see the model’s strength in its orchestration of multiple components—creator tooling, community building, content, and gaming—into a unified framework supported by AI and blockchain. The pre-launch traction with IPs such as Shiba Inu and Simon’s Cat gives the ecosystem a runway of activity even from day zero of token issuance.

Gulf Cooperation Council states are positioning themselves to tap into the projected $2 trillion global sports tourism market by 2030, with a new PwC Middle East study underlining the region’s evolving role from event host to year-round destination.

According to the report Game on for the GCC – Turning sporting ambition into lasting tourism impact, the region already boasts world-class events such as the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar and a string of Formula 1 races, and now aims to leverage that prestige to build sustained tourism flows.

The global sports tourism market is estimated to account for 10 percent of all tourism spending and is expected to surpass $2 trillion by 2030. GCC nations are racing to convert episodic sporting moments into immersive fan experiences, integrated visitor journeys and continuous attraction pipelines.

Saudi Arabia is emerging as the region’s most aggressive investor in sport, with projections that its domestic sports economy may grow from about $8 billion to $22.4 billion by 2030—creating around 39,000 jobs and adding over $13 billion to GDP. The Kingdom’s Vision 2030 reforms emphasise sports as a diversifier of its oil-dependent economy.

Across the GCC, national governments, sovereign wealth funds, private investment and public-private partnerships are converging. According to PwC’s Global Sports Survey 2024, the Middle East now commands 24 percent of global sports investments, a notable shift in capital flows toward the Gulf.

To sustain momentum, the report argues, GCC states must go beyond marquee events and build a resilient sports tourism ecosystem. That means aligning infrastructure, regulation, destination branding, transport and hospitality standards—not just for big events but for ongoing seasonal and niche attractions.

Qatar’s experience is instructive. The 2022 World Cup is estimated to have generated between $2.3 billion and $4.1 billion in tourism spending and broadcast revenues, contributing $1.6 billion to $2.4 billion in GDP impact. But the challenge is to retain visitor engagement in non-World Cup years.

In that respect, the PwC analysis calls for “sport-led destinations” combining competition, culture and entertainment. The aim is to extend visitor stays, unlock repeat visitation and cross-sell other forms of tourism—heritage, wellness, sustainability and cultural experiences.

Women’s sports are emerging as a key growth frontier. In the GCC, 85 percent of sports executives expect double-digit growth in women’s sports revenues over the coming years. Investment in female participation, media rights and sponsorship is viewed as critical to widening the revenue base.

Yet several constraints loom. Many Gulf states rely heavily on imported talent in event operations, face seasonal desert climates, and must balance aggressive development with long-term maintenance costs. Ensuring accessibility, connectivity and visa ease are also essential for maintaining global appeal.

One forward move: GCC officials have greenlit a Schengen-style unified tourist visa scheme to allow seamless travel across member states—an effort aimed at boosting cross-border “bleisure” travel and strengthening regional integration of tourism flows.

Meanwhile, event diversification is underway. Saudi Arabia recently launched the Esports Nations Cup, with the inaugural edition slated for Riyadh in November 2026, expecting participation from over 100 nations and some 1,500 players across multiple titles. The country’s wider gaming and esports strategy is aligned with broader youth, technology and cultural industry goals.

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