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VTB — Russia’s second-largest bank by assets — has announced plans to allow its clients to directly buy, sell and hold cryptocurrencies through its brokerage accounts starting in 2026. The move was disclosed by the head of its brokerage services at an investment conference in Moscow, signalling a shift from derivatives-based crypto exposure toward full asset-level trading.

At present, VTB already offers clients access to cryptocurrency derivatives. The planned service would enable investors to acquire digital assets such as Bitcoin through regular investment or brokerage accounts once regulatory approval is secured. The bank is canvassing regulators and expects authorisation to come through within months.

This development comes against a broader backdrop of rapid evolution in Russia’s digital-asset infrastructure. The Moscow Exchange has recently launched ruble-settled Bitcoin futures and other crypto-linked instruments for institutional investors — part of a broader effort to open new investment channels under carefully structured legal regimes.

Under the current regulatory framework, only “specially qualified” investors — those with high net worth or significant annual income — can directly engage in cryptocurrencies. VTB’s new offering may broaden participation beyond derivatives and institutional-only vehicles, assuming the financial regulator approves the shift.

For VTB, the initiative represents a diversification of its services at a time when Russian banks face mounting pressures. The bank is grappling with new capital requirements imposed by the Central Bank of Russia, which its chief has described as a major challenge going forward.

Emirates NBD has sealed a strategic partnership with the Dubai International Financial Centre aimed at offering enhanced wealth governance, succession planning and legacy-preservation services to ultra-high-net-worth families and family-owned enterprises. The collaboration will channel the capabilities of Emirates NBD Private Banking and the infrastructure of DIFC’s Family Wealth Centre to meet the complex needs of family businesses within the jurisdiction.

Under the agreement, Emirates NBD will provide tailored governance frameworks, succession-planning blueprints, tax structuring, and bespoke advisory services designed for clients with significant wealth or business holdings. The bank intends to complement these offerings with educational workshops, governance-best-practice programmes and family-office structuring support — all delivered through DIFC’s institutional facilities.

The move reflects growing demand in the Middle East for professionalised wealth-transfer and legacy-management solutions as substantial assets stand to pass to younger generations. Regional trends indicate about one trillion US dollars in assets are expected to be transferred within wealthy families by 2030, underscoring the urgency for robust governance structures.

United Kingdom legislation now formally recognises digital assets such as cryptocurrencies and stablecoins as personal property, offering holders protections under established property law. The Property Act 2025 — previously a bill — received royal assent, confirming that digital tokens may be treated as a third category of personal property alongside traditional “things in possession” and “things in action.” This marks a decisive shift from earlier reliance on case-by-case rulings by courts.

Legal recognition ensures that crypto-owners gain enforceable rights in instances of theft, fraud or insolvency, and enables digital assets to be included in estates or bankruptcy proceedings under the same protections afforded to conventional property. The Act does not itself define which digital assets qualify — courts will decide those details over time.

Judicial developments had already begun to lay the groundwork for this change. As early as 2019, the UK Jurisdiction Taskforce concluded that crypto-assets met criteria for property under English law: they could be defined, identified, transferred and treated as assets capable of value retention. A key case, AA v Persons Unknown, saw the High Court of England and Wales recognise Bitcoin provided as ransom in a cyber-attack as property, granting the insurer a proprietary injunction.

Advocates of the law hailed it as providing clarity long sought by individuals and businesses holding crypto-assets. CryptoUK, a leading trade body for digital assets, noted that while courts had already treated crypto as property in some cases, codifying the principle into statute removes uncertainty and streamlines legal protections across theft, insolvency and estate-related scenarios.

Legal experts say the Act reflects the recommendations laid out by the Law Commission in a 2023 report, which urged reform to ensure the law could accommodate emerging digital assets under a flexible yet robust framework. The Commission argued that existing categories of personal property under law were too rigid to account for assets that lacked physical form or contractual rights.

This statutory change arrives as UK regulators concurrently refine the broader regime for crypto-assets. Draft legislation published earlier this year already seeks to amend the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 to designate certain “qualifying cryptoassets” and “qualifying stablecoins” as regulated investments, bringing market-level rules for trading, custody and compliance under formal oversight.

While the law does not render cryptocurrency a legal tender — meaning it still cannot be used to settle debts in substitute for currency — its classification as property gives holders legal certainty over ownership and enforceable rights. Taxation and regulatory treatment will continue to follow established frameworks, though this legal milestone reduces ambiguity over the status of crypto-assets in private law contexts.

Judges, lawyers and market participants anticipate that the Act will lead to a more stable and predictable legal environment for crypto-asset ownership, enabling individuals and institutions to treat tokens with the same legal respect accorded to traditional assets. As the courts start applying the new law in real cases, the boundaries of which digital assets qualify will grow clearer — and the UK’s position as a regulatory pioneer in digital asset law will be reaffirmed.

Belgium has rejected a proposal by the European Union to channel frozen Russian assets toward a major financial aid package for Ukraine, dealing a blow to efforts aimed at sustaining Kyiv’s war-time finances. The plan envisioned a €140 billion “reparations loan,” backed by immobilised Russian central-bank reserves held largely in Belgium’s Euroclear, but Belgian leaders argued the risks are too high—legal, financial and reputational.

The opposition centres on statements from Bart De Wever, Belgium’s prime minister, who described the plan as “fundamentally flawed”. He warned that using the frozen assets at this stage could trigger lawsuits, force Belgium to shoulder massive liabilities, and destabilise confidence in the euro. De Wever rejected broad incentives offered by the European Commission and demanded legally binding guarantees from other EU member states before any commitment.

Backing Ukraine with frozen Russian funds had gained traction as European leaders scrambled to meet Kyiv’s projected needs through 2026–2027. Analysts estimate that Ukraine faces a budget shortfall of more than €135 billion over the next two years, with defence expenditures alone ballooning. The EU had considered not just using interest on the frozen assets — which has supported a G7-backed aid programme so far — but deploying the assets themselves as collateral to unlock large-scale funding.

Yet the European Central Bank has refused to provide emergency liquidity for the proposed loan, citing its mandate forbidding direct monetary financing to governments under EU treaties. The refusal undermines the viability of the scheme, especially since liquidity back-stops were meant to reassure markets and protect institutions like Euroclear from sudden liability.

Some EU member states and financial experts contended that employing frozen assets would free up taxpayer money and symbolically re-affirm Europe’s stance that Russia must pay for its aggression. Academics have pointed out how using immobilised reserves could offer Ukraine immediate relief without expanding EU sovereign debt. The Commission is reportedly exploring fallback options, such as joint borrowing backed by the EU budget or bilateral loans, but those alternatives are expected to carry higher costs and slower disbursement timelines.

Opposing countries argue the plan violates property rights, jeopardises investor confidence and could provoke Russian retaliation, both legally and economically. Euroclear itself has warned of potential lawsuits and damage to its reputation as a global securities depository if assets are re-purposed in this way.

With less than three weeks remaining before a planned EU summit, Belgium’s refusal complicates efforts to finalise a unified approach. Brussels appears unlikely to shift position without assurances that risks will be shared evenly — a prospect many member states view as tantamount to signing a blank cheque.

Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund is seeking to deepen ties with Japanese investors as it reshapes its investment strategy away from sprawling real-estate megaprojects toward sectors deemed more viable in the near term.

The Public Investment Fund, valued at roughly $925 billion, unveiled a plan to expand investments in Japan from $11.5 billion between 2017–2024 to a projected $27 billion by 2030, according to remarks by its governor, Yasir Al-Rumayyan, at a business summit in Tokyo. He described Japanese companies as “one of the largest partners for Saudi Arabia,” and said the kingdom hopes to “bring more and more Japanese companies” on board.

This outreach comes alongside a major overhaul of PIF’s priorities. Plans for large-scale real estate ventures—previously central under the Vision 2030 plan—are being put on the back foot as delays and write-downs erode investor confidence. The new strategy pivots toward sectors such as logistics, mineral extraction, religious tourism and artificial intelligence, with greater emphasis on data infrastructure and industries promising quicker returns.

Some megaprojects under Vision 2030, including the much-publicised desert city NEOM and a planned mountain-based winter sports hub, have faced repeated delays and mounting costs, prompting analysts to question their long-term viability. PIF’s 2024 annual report shows impairments on several high-profile investments that have weighed on returns, and strategic rebalancing appears aimed at stabilising the fund’s financial outlook.

The renewed focus on logistics underscores Saudi Arabia’s ambition to become a global supply-chain hub bridging Asia, Europe and Africa. Mineral extraction targets the kingdom’s considerable reserves of rare earths and critical minerals, seen as vital for future technology supply chains. Religious tourism aims to leverage steady demand for pilgrimage to holy sites, while investments in artificial intelligence and data infrastructure, led by PIF-backed firm Humain, reflect the kingdom’s drive to build a diversified economy beyond hydrocarbons.

Financial markets and global investors have welcomed the pivot as more pragmatic and potentially less risky than monumental real-estate bets. Yet critics caution that shifting to more conventional sectors may diminish the transformative potential originally promised under Vision 2030. The challenge now lies in whether the new strategy can deliver on its growth and diversification goals while restoring investor confidence.

Regulators at the Federal Reserve are moving to formalise rules for stablecoins, signalling a shift in how banks may soon treat these digital assets under supervision. The Vice Chair for Supervision at the Fed, Michelle Bowman, emphasised that banks should be able to engage with digital currencies — including stablecoins — under new regulatory guardrails. She argued that existing regulations, many crafted in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis, may no longer be appropriate given how much the economy and technology have evolved. Her remarks came against the backdrop of recent legislation that lays the groundwork for stablecoin regulation, prompting an overhaul of existing frameworks to encourage innovation while managing risk.

The regulatory momentum follows the passage of the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U. S. Stablecoins Act — known as the GENIUS Act — which establishes a comprehensive legal framework for payment stablecoins. Under the law, issuers of stablecoins must back tokens on a one-to-one basis with U. S. dollars or other low-risk assets, provide regular disclosure of reserves, and maintain transparent redemption processes. This marks a turning point: stablecoins officially enter the regulated financial system, opening the door for banks and other financial institutions to participate under defined standards.

Bowman has signalled that the Federal Reserve, alongside agencies such as the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the FDIC, intends to craft tailored supervisory guidelines rather than impose a one-size-fits-all regulatory model. She has called for regulators to abandon what she described as an “overly cautious mindset” that has slowed the banking sector’s ability to embrace digital innovation. According to her, banks seeking to engage in stablecoin activities must separate those assets from their traditional banking operations. This segregation, she said, is necessary to preserve the safety and soundness of the banking system even as banks expand into digital asset services.

The move has drawn cautious optimism from some quarters of the financial world, particularly among proponents of digital assets and stablecoin issuers, who view increased regulatory clarity as critical for broader adoption. They argue that a well-designed framework will enable mainstream financial institutions to offer digital asset services, increasing legitimacy and liquidity in the stablecoin market. Analysts point to academic research suggesting stablecoins have evolved from niche cryptocurrency experiments to integral components of payments infrastructure worldwide — with stablecoins’ market capitalisation estimated to exceed several hundred billion dollars. Some experts have proposed hybrid models that combine fiat-backed stablecoins with central-bank anchored systems to mitigate liquidity risks and improve stability, particularly in volatile market conditions.

At the same time, concerns remain about potential threats to financial stability. Regulators such as the Fed must weigh the risk of deposit outflows, competition between banks and non-bank issuers, and the challenge of preventing money-laundering or illicit finance through digital assets. Financial supervisors globally are wrestling with how to calibrate capital requirements and risk-weighting rules for banks engaging with stablecoins and digital tokens — taking into account factors like volatility, liquidity stress, and redemption risk.